PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer
PAX genes, known as master regulators, encode paired box (PAX) proteins that govern key processes in organ development and are widely expressed in normal tissues. Notably, PAX proteins also play a pivotal role in both promoting and suppressing tumorigenesis. They influence essential cellular functio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/11/1420 |
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| author | Erica Giacobbi Maria Paola Scioli Francesca Servadei Valeria Palumbo Rita Bonfiglio Pierluigi Bove Alessandro Mauriello Manuel Scimeca |
| author_facet | Erica Giacobbi Maria Paola Scioli Francesca Servadei Valeria Palumbo Rita Bonfiglio Pierluigi Bove Alessandro Mauriello Manuel Scimeca |
| author_sort | Erica Giacobbi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PAX genes, known as master regulators, encode paired box (PAX) proteins that govern key processes in organ development and are widely expressed in normal tissues. Notably, PAX proteins also play a pivotal role in both promoting and suppressing tumorigenesis. They influence essential cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, fate determination, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and the formation of oncogenic fusion proteins. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of these transcription factors. First, we provide a brief overview of their molecular structure, which underlies their classification into four subgroups. Then, we examine the expression patterns of each PAX gene across organ systems and explore their biological roles in the most relevant malignant neoplasms affecting human health. Additionally, we highlight their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive significance in the context of cancer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b35a415f5277422f85dd7c315cce2a70 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-b35a415f5277422f85dd7c315cce2a702025-08-20T03:11:18ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-06-011511142010.3390/diagnostics15111420PAX Family, Master Regulator in CancerErica Giacobbi0Maria Paola Scioli1Francesca Servadei2Valeria Palumbo3Rita Bonfiglio4Pierluigi Bove5Alessandro Mauriello6Manuel Scimeca7Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyPAX genes, known as master regulators, encode paired box (PAX) proteins that govern key processes in organ development and are widely expressed in normal tissues. Notably, PAX proteins also play a pivotal role in both promoting and suppressing tumorigenesis. They influence essential cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, fate determination, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and the formation of oncogenic fusion proteins. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of these transcription factors. First, we provide a brief overview of their molecular structure, which underlies their classification into four subgroups. Then, we examine the expression patterns of each PAX gene across organ systems and explore their biological roles in the most relevant malignant neoplasms affecting human health. Additionally, we highlight their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive significance in the context of cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/11/1420PAX familycancerEMTcell deaththerapy |
| spellingShingle | Erica Giacobbi Maria Paola Scioli Francesca Servadei Valeria Palumbo Rita Bonfiglio Pierluigi Bove Alessandro Mauriello Manuel Scimeca PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer Diagnostics PAX family cancer EMT cell death therapy |
| title | PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer |
| title_full | PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer |
| title_fullStr | PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer |
| title_short | PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer |
| title_sort | pax family master regulator in cancer |
| topic | PAX family cancer EMT cell death therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/11/1420 |
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