Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study
A critical factor for preventing osteoporosis after menopause is attenuation of the accelerated turnover rate of bone metabolism. The present randomized controlled study was conducted to clarify the effects of a lemon beverage with calcium (Ca) supplementation that makes use of the chelating action...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824753 |
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| author | Hiromi Ikeda Tadayuki Iida Masanori Hiramitsu Takashi Inoue Satomi Aoi Miho Kanazashi Fumiko Ishizaki Toshihide Harada |
| author_facet | Hiromi Ikeda Tadayuki Iida Masanori Hiramitsu Takashi Inoue Satomi Aoi Miho Kanazashi Fumiko Ishizaki Toshihide Harada |
| author_sort | Hiromi Ikeda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A critical factor for preventing osteoporosis after menopause is attenuation of the accelerated turnover rate of bone metabolism. The present randomized controlled study was conducted to clarify the effects of a lemon beverage with calcium (Ca) supplementation that makes use of the chelating action of citric acid. Comprehensive evaluations of bone were performed by assessments of bone mineral density (BMD) and biomarkers related to bone turnover. Seventy-nine postmenopausal women were enrolled and asked to participate in an 11-month continuous intake of the test beverages. The subjects were divided into three groups: those who consumed a lemon beverage containing citric acid with Ca supplementation (LECA group), those who consumed a lemon beverage containing citric acid without Ca supplementation (LE group), and those who consumed no test beverage (control group). Using a double-blind protocol, subjects in the LECA and LE groups consumed one bottle containing 290 mL of the test beverage each day. The ratio of change in BMD after 11 months was significantly higher in the LECA group as compared to the control and LE groups. The LECA group also showed significant decreases in concentrations of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), a bone resorption marker, and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) as compared to the other groups, as well as a significant decrease in concentration of osteocalcin (OC), a bone formation marker, as compared to the LE group. Based on our findings, we speculated that bone resorption and bone formation in postmenopausal women might be suppressed along with an increase in Ca resorption caused by chelation of citric acid in association with continuous ingestion of a Ca-supplemented lemon beverage containing citric acid, resulting in suppression of high bone metabolic turnover. In addition, the results provide information regarding BMD maintenance in the bones of the trunk, including the lumbar spine and proximal femur. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b33a9b1c16e3427386138fe3b354cbfa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0724 2090-0732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-b33a9b1c16e3427386138fe3b354cbfa2025-02-03T01:20:32ZengWileyJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism2090-07242090-07322021-01-01202110.1155/2021/88247538824753Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention StudyHiromi Ikeda0Tadayuki Iida1Masanori Hiramitsu2Takashi Inoue3Satomi Aoi4Miho Kanazashi5Fumiko Ishizaki6Toshihide Harada7Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanFaculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanResearch & Development Division, Pokka Sapporo Food & Beverage Ltd., Yaizu 425-0013, JapanResearch & Development Division, Pokka Sapporo Food & Beverage Ltd., Yaizu 425-0013, JapanFaculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanFaculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanPrefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanFaculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara 723-0053, JapanA critical factor for preventing osteoporosis after menopause is attenuation of the accelerated turnover rate of bone metabolism. The present randomized controlled study was conducted to clarify the effects of a lemon beverage with calcium (Ca) supplementation that makes use of the chelating action of citric acid. Comprehensive evaluations of bone were performed by assessments of bone mineral density (BMD) and biomarkers related to bone turnover. Seventy-nine postmenopausal women were enrolled and asked to participate in an 11-month continuous intake of the test beverages. The subjects were divided into three groups: those who consumed a lemon beverage containing citric acid with Ca supplementation (LECA group), those who consumed a lemon beverage containing citric acid without Ca supplementation (LE group), and those who consumed no test beverage (control group). Using a double-blind protocol, subjects in the LECA and LE groups consumed one bottle containing 290 mL of the test beverage each day. The ratio of change in BMD after 11 months was significantly higher in the LECA group as compared to the control and LE groups. The LECA group also showed significant decreases in concentrations of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), a bone resorption marker, and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) as compared to the other groups, as well as a significant decrease in concentration of osteocalcin (OC), a bone formation marker, as compared to the LE group. Based on our findings, we speculated that bone resorption and bone formation in postmenopausal women might be suppressed along with an increase in Ca resorption caused by chelation of citric acid in association with continuous ingestion of a Ca-supplemented lemon beverage containing citric acid, resulting in suppression of high bone metabolic turnover. In addition, the results provide information regarding BMD maintenance in the bones of the trunk, including the lumbar spine and proximal femur.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824753 |
| spellingShingle | Hiromi Ikeda Tadayuki Iida Masanori Hiramitsu Takashi Inoue Satomi Aoi Miho Kanazashi Fumiko Ishizaki Toshihide Harada Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| title | Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study |
| title_full | Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study |
| title_short | Effects of Lemon Beverage Containing Citric Acid with Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism and Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: Double-Blind 11-Month Intervention Study |
| title_sort | effects of lemon beverage containing citric acid with calcium supplementation on bone metabolism and mineral density in postmenopausal women double blind 11 month intervention study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824753 |
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