Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases

The influence of lobbies in the European Union is a complex phenomenon that must be analyzed through various direct and indirect conditioning dimensions. This theoretical research examines the impact of pressure groups at each of the six stages of the public policy formulation process in the suprana...

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Main Authors: Álvaro Serna-Ortega, Ana Almansa-Martínez, Antonio Castillo-Esparcia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Political Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2025.1511918/full
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author Álvaro Serna-Ortega
Ana Almansa-Martínez
Antonio Castillo-Esparcia
author_facet Álvaro Serna-Ortega
Ana Almansa-Martínez
Antonio Castillo-Esparcia
author_sort Álvaro Serna-Ortega
collection DOAJ
description The influence of lobbies in the European Union is a complex phenomenon that must be analyzed through various direct and indirect conditioning dimensions. This theoretical research examines the impact of pressure groups at each of the six stages of the public policy formulation process in the supranational entity: problem emergence in society, agenda setting, consideration of policy options, decision-making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation. The study reveals how the influence of lobbies fluctuates depending on the point in the process and the type of interests they represent. Lobbies with social interests tend to have an advantage in phases involving public engagement, using grassroots lobbying strategies. On the other hand, economic lobbies dominate in phases that require contact with legislators, employing direct communication strategies. Among the direct conditioning dimensions, economic capacity–whether explicitly or implicitly−and access to decision-makers are crucial factors in determining the degree of influence. Additionally, in terms of indirect dimensions, media coverage is considered the most explanatory element regarding the influence capacity of lobbies, particularly at the initial and final stages of the governance cycle.
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spelling doaj-art-b2e5fe8f943749af82abc4f8595a4a0b2025-01-22T07:14:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Political Science2673-31452025-01-01710.3389/fpos.2025.15119181511918Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phasesÁlvaro Serna-OrtegaAna Almansa-MartínezAntonio Castillo-EsparciaThe influence of lobbies in the European Union is a complex phenomenon that must be analyzed through various direct and indirect conditioning dimensions. This theoretical research examines the impact of pressure groups at each of the six stages of the public policy formulation process in the supranational entity: problem emergence in society, agenda setting, consideration of policy options, decision-making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation. The study reveals how the influence of lobbies fluctuates depending on the point in the process and the type of interests they represent. Lobbies with social interests tend to have an advantage in phases involving public engagement, using grassroots lobbying strategies. On the other hand, economic lobbies dominate in phases that require contact with legislators, employing direct communication strategies. Among the direct conditioning dimensions, economic capacity–whether explicitly or implicitly−and access to decision-makers are crucial factors in determining the degree of influence. Additionally, in terms of indirect dimensions, media coverage is considered the most explanatory element regarding the influence capacity of lobbies, particularly at the initial and final stages of the governance cycle.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2025.1511918/fulllobbyingEUpolicy processpressure groupsinfluencedecision-making
spellingShingle Álvaro Serna-Ortega
Ana Almansa-Martínez
Antonio Castillo-Esparcia
Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
Frontiers in Political Science
lobbying
EU
policy process
pressure groups
influence
decision-making
title Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
title_full Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
title_fullStr Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
title_full_unstemmed Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
title_short Influence of lobbying in EU policy process phases
title_sort influence of lobbying in eu policy process phases
topic lobbying
EU
policy process
pressure groups
influence
decision-making
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2025.1511918/full
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