Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response
Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the primary native biocontrol agent targeting the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), a major pest in Rafsanjan, the leading pistachio production region in Iran. In this study, how female parasitoid age influenc...
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Entomological Society of Iran
2025-04-01
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| Series: | نامه انجمن حشرهشناسی ایران |
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| Online Access: | https://jesi.areeo.ac.ir/article_133162_9aaec9db9313e4288f85be0cc1a0dc4c.pdf |
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| author | Hamid Rahimzadeh Behzadi Mahdi Ziaaddini Mohammad Amin Jalali Fateme Ranjbar |
| author_facet | Hamid Rahimzadeh Behzadi Mahdi Ziaaddini Mohammad Amin Jalali Fateme Ranjbar |
| author_sort | Hamid Rahimzadeh Behzadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the primary native biocontrol agent targeting the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), a major pest in Rafsanjan, the leading pistachio production region in Iran. In this study, how female parasitoid age influences the type of functional response was examined by daily assessing two behavioral traits—host feeding and parasitism—across different densities of pistachio psylla, within the context of age-specific functional response. The logistic regression analysis identified a type II functional response for P. pistaciae, characterized by an increased attack rate (parasitism + host feeding) with increasing psylla density. Notably, this response pattern was consistent across different female ages. In the first week of adulthood, wasps demonstrated optimal searching efficiency for both parasitism and host feeding. However, as female wasps aged, there was a progressive increase in handling time for parasitism and feeding activities. Peak searching efficiency for host attacks was observed on day 7, while the minimum handling time occurred on day 5. The highest levels of parasitism were observed on the fifth day of the female's lifespan, underscoring increased efficiency in parasitism and attack rates during the early stages of the parasitoid's life, especially within the first week. Moreover, both host density and parasitoid age significantly affected these rates. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2da19449a2e48648afaab517eaa3dfe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0259-9996 2783-3968 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Entomological Society of Iran |
| record_format | Article |
| series | نامه انجمن حشرهشناسی ایران |
| spelling | doaj-art-b2da19449a2e48648afaab517eaa3dfe2025-08-20T01:51:13ZengEntomological Society of Iranنامه انجمن حشرهشناسی ایران0259-99962783-39682025-04-0145216117910.61186/jesi.45.2.2133162Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional responseHamid Rahimzadeh Behzadi0Mahdi Ziaaddini1Mohammad Amin Jalali2Fateme Ranjbar3Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, IranPsyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the primary native biocontrol agent targeting the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), a major pest in Rafsanjan, the leading pistachio production region in Iran. In this study, how female parasitoid age influences the type of functional response was examined by daily assessing two behavioral traits—host feeding and parasitism—across different densities of pistachio psylla, within the context of age-specific functional response. The logistic regression analysis identified a type II functional response for P. pistaciae, characterized by an increased attack rate (parasitism + host feeding) with increasing psylla density. Notably, this response pattern was consistent across different female ages. In the first week of adulthood, wasps demonstrated optimal searching efficiency for both parasitism and host feeding. However, as female wasps aged, there was a progressive increase in handling time for parasitism and feeding activities. Peak searching efficiency for host attacks was observed on day 7, while the minimum handling time occurred on day 5. The highest levels of parasitism were observed on the fifth day of the female's lifespan, underscoring increased efficiency in parasitism and attack rates during the early stages of the parasitoid's life, especially within the first week. Moreover, both host density and parasitoid age significantly affected these rates.https://jesi.areeo.ac.ir/article_133162_9aaec9db9313e4288f85be0cc1a0dc4c.pdfbiological controlparasitoidhost-feedinghost densitiesparasitism |
| spellingShingle | Hamid Rahimzadeh Behzadi Mahdi Ziaaddini Mohammad Amin Jalali Fateme Ranjbar Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response نامه انجمن حشرهشناسی ایران biological control parasitoid host-feeding host densities parasitism |
| title | Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response |
| title_full | Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response |
| title_short | Efficacy of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) using age-specific functional response |
| title_sort | efficacy of psyllaephagus pistaciae hymenoptera encyrtidae as a biocontrol agent against agonoscena pistaciae hemiptera aphalaridae using age specific functional response |
| topic | biological control parasitoid host-feeding host densities parasitism |
| url | https://jesi.areeo.ac.ir/article_133162_9aaec9db9313e4288f85be0cc1a0dc4c.pdf |
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