Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE
Abstract The Sun drives Earth’s energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like 14C in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55757-y |
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| author | Nicolas Brehm Charlotte L. Pearson Marcus Christl Alex Bayliss Kurt Nicolussi Thomas Pichler David Brown Lukas Wacker |
| author_facet | Nicolas Brehm Charlotte L. Pearson Marcus Christl Alex Bayliss Kurt Nicolussi Thomas Pichler David Brown Lukas Wacker |
| author_sort | Nicolas Brehm |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Sun drives Earth’s energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like 14C in tree-rings provide invaluable insights. However, few records have the resolution or temporal span required to thoroughly investigate important short-term solar phenomena, such as the 11-year solar cycle, or 14C production spikes most likely linked to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Here we present a continuous, annually resolved atmospheric 14C record from tree-rings spanning the first millennium BCE, confirming no new SEP’s and clearly defining the 11-year solar cycle, with a mean period of 10.5 years, and amplitude of approximately 0.4‰ in 14C concentration. This dataset offers unprecedented detail on solar behavior over long timescales, providing insights for climatic research and solar hazard mitigation, while also offering enhanced radiocarbon calibration and dating accuracy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2a4d9e8b247477fb3bbdfca7ede8be7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-b2a4d9e8b247477fb3bbdfca7ede8be72025-01-12T12:31:22ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-01-0116111010.1038/s41467-024-55757-yTracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCENicolas Brehm0Charlotte L. Pearson1Marcus Christl2Alex Bayliss3Kurt Nicolussi4Thomas Pichler5David Brown6Lukas Wacker7Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Bryant Bannister Tree-Ring BuildingLaboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Bryant Bannister Tree-Ring BuildingLaboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH ZurichHistoric England, Cannon Bridge HouseDepartment of Geography, Universität InnsbruckDepartment of Geography, Universität InnsbruckSchool of Natural and Built Environment, The Queen’s UniversityLaboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH ZurichAbstract The Sun drives Earth’s energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like 14C in tree-rings provide invaluable insights. However, few records have the resolution or temporal span required to thoroughly investigate important short-term solar phenomena, such as the 11-year solar cycle, or 14C production spikes most likely linked to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Here we present a continuous, annually resolved atmospheric 14C record from tree-rings spanning the first millennium BCE, confirming no new SEP’s and clearly defining the 11-year solar cycle, with a mean period of 10.5 years, and amplitude of approximately 0.4‰ in 14C concentration. This dataset offers unprecedented detail on solar behavior over long timescales, providing insights for climatic research and solar hazard mitigation, while also offering enhanced radiocarbon calibration and dating accuracy.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55757-y |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Brehm Charlotte L. Pearson Marcus Christl Alex Bayliss Kurt Nicolussi Thomas Pichler David Brown Lukas Wacker Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE Nature Communications |
| title | Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE |
| title_full | Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE |
| title_fullStr | Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE |
| title_short | Tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE |
| title_sort | tracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium bce |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55757-y |
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