Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives

Bisphenols (BPs) are ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptors that cause various human health hazards and pollute water, soil, and the atmosphere to varying degrees. Although various studies have investigated the pollution characteristics and health hazards of BPs in different media, a systemat...

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Main Authors: Fangyun Long, Yanqin Ren, Fang Bi, Zhenhai Wu, Haijie Zhang, Junling Li, Rui Gao, Zhengyang Liu, Hong Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/2/109
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author Fangyun Long
Yanqin Ren
Fang Bi
Zhenhai Wu
Haijie Zhang
Junling Li
Rui Gao
Zhengyang Liu
Hong Li
author_facet Fangyun Long
Yanqin Ren
Fang Bi
Zhenhai Wu
Haijie Zhang
Junling Li
Rui Gao
Zhengyang Liu
Hong Li
author_sort Fangyun Long
collection DOAJ
description Bisphenols (BPs) are ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptors that cause various human health hazards and pollute water, soil, and the atmosphere to varying degrees. Although various studies have investigated the pollution characteristics and health hazards of BPs in different media, a systematic review of BPs in the broader environmental context is still lacking. This study highlights the pollution characteristics, detection methods, and risk assessment status of BPs by combining relevant studies from both domestic and international sources, and their environmental distribution characteristics are summarized. The results show that BP pollution is a widespread and complex global phenomenon. Bisphenol A (BPA) remains the predominant component of BPs, which can damage the nervous and reproductive systems. At present, high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry are the main detection methods used for BPs. BPs can also damage the reproductive system, leading to germ cell apoptosis and ovarian damage. Future research should focus on expanding the BP testing repertoire, advancing rapid detection techniques, elucidating toxic mechanisms, conducting comprehensive safety assessments, and developing systematic health risk assessment methods. These efforts will provide a scientific foundation for preventing and controlling emerging pollutants.
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issn 2305-6304
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Toxics
spelling doaj-art-b29f8b8650ed460594803db82e2fe0a62025-08-20T02:45:38ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-01-0113210910.3390/toxics13020109Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future PerspectivesFangyun Long0Yanqin Ren1Fang Bi2Zhenhai Wu3Haijie Zhang4Junling Li5Rui Gao6Zhengyang Liu7Hong Li8State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaBisphenols (BPs) are ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptors that cause various human health hazards and pollute water, soil, and the atmosphere to varying degrees. Although various studies have investigated the pollution characteristics and health hazards of BPs in different media, a systematic review of BPs in the broader environmental context is still lacking. This study highlights the pollution characteristics, detection methods, and risk assessment status of BPs by combining relevant studies from both domestic and international sources, and their environmental distribution characteristics are summarized. The results show that BP pollution is a widespread and complex global phenomenon. Bisphenol A (BPA) remains the predominant component of BPs, which can damage the nervous and reproductive systems. At present, high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry are the main detection methods used for BPs. BPs can also damage the reproductive system, leading to germ cell apoptosis and ovarian damage. Future research should focus on expanding the BP testing repertoire, advancing rapid detection techniques, elucidating toxic mechanisms, conducting comprehensive safety assessments, and developing systematic health risk assessment methods. These efforts will provide a scientific foundation for preventing and controlling emerging pollutants.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/2/109bisphenols (BPs)detection methodpotential hazardsphysical propertieshealth assessment
spellingShingle Fangyun Long
Yanqin Ren
Fang Bi
Zhenhai Wu
Haijie Zhang
Junling Li
Rui Gao
Zhengyang Liu
Hong Li
Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
Toxics
bisphenols (BPs)
detection method
potential hazards
physical properties
health assessment
title Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
title_full Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
title_fullStr Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
title_short Contamination Characterization, Toxicological Properties, and Health Risk Assessment of Bisphenols in Multiple Media: Current Research Status and Future Perspectives
title_sort contamination characterization toxicological properties and health risk assessment of bisphenols in multiple media current research status and future perspectives
topic bisphenols (BPs)
detection method
potential hazards
physical properties
health assessment
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/2/109
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