A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test
# BACKGROUND In orthopaedic practice, it is well established that weak scapular stabilizers and an unstable scapula is related to shoulder dysfunction. Faulty scapular position has been linked to decreased scapular stability and is thought to be a result of weak or unbalanced timing in the recruitm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North American Sports Medicine Institute
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.23425 |
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| _version_ | 1825197033487597568 |
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| author | John D Heick Jenna Haggerty Robert C Manske |
| author_facet | John D Heick Jenna Haggerty Robert C Manske |
| author_sort | John D Heick |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # BACKGROUND
In orthopaedic practice, it is well established that weak scapular stabilizers and an unstable scapula is related to shoulder dysfunction. Faulty scapular position has been linked to decreased scapular stability and is thought to be a result of weak or unbalanced timing in the recruitment of scapulothoracic dynamic stabilizing muscles. Kibler has described a four-type classification of scapulothoracic dysfunction. Functional performance testing is used to objectively measure activities that simulate various desired activities. The reliability of assessing the four static scapular positions may be important in diagnosing shoulder dysfunction. An understanding of the scapular position and its relationship to functional performance testing is needed.
# PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine if a static scapular test, the Kibler scapula classification, in healthy participants affects the ability to perform a closed chain functional test that involves the use of the scapula and the upper extremity, the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST). A secondary analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of a student physical therapist and an experienced physical therapist to identify scapular type by observation.
# STUDY DESIGN
Multicenter, single session descriptive cohort
# METHODS
Sixty-one healthy participants (33 males, 28 females; mean age 24.19±2.61) completed testing across two locations in one testing session. Blood pressure and heart rate as well as height and weight were measured for each participant. Participants were classified by visual observation of Kibler scapular classification. The average number of CKUEST touches, a normalized score, and a power score were calculated for each participant. Three trials were performed and participants were required to take a 45-second rest break between each CKCUEST trial.
# RESULTS
One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences in Type I and Type IV Kibler scapula classification for the CKCUEST power score, however when an ANCOVA controlled for body mass index, there was no statistically significant difference. A strong correlation r=.94 was observed between student and experienced physical therapist in evaluating all four types of Kibler scapular classification.
# CONCLUSIONS
Visually observed Kibler scapular position does not affect the ability to perform the Davies CKCUEST in healthy young adults. The ability to identify Kibler scapular position was reliable between student and experienced physical therapists. Additional studies are required to identify the usefulness of the Kibler scapular position classification.
# LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2b: Individual Cohort Study |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b28477bf937d495bb16dc9350d4191ad |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2159-2896 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | North American Sports Medicine Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-b28477bf937d495bb16dc9350d4191ad2025-02-11T20:27:30ZengNorth American Sports Medicine InstituteInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy2159-28962021-06-01163A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability TestJohn D HeickJenna HaggertyRobert C Manske# BACKGROUND In orthopaedic practice, it is well established that weak scapular stabilizers and an unstable scapula is related to shoulder dysfunction. Faulty scapular position has been linked to decreased scapular stability and is thought to be a result of weak or unbalanced timing in the recruitment of scapulothoracic dynamic stabilizing muscles. Kibler has described a four-type classification of scapulothoracic dysfunction. Functional performance testing is used to objectively measure activities that simulate various desired activities. The reliability of assessing the four static scapular positions may be important in diagnosing shoulder dysfunction. An understanding of the scapular position and its relationship to functional performance testing is needed. # PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine if a static scapular test, the Kibler scapula classification, in healthy participants affects the ability to perform a closed chain functional test that involves the use of the scapula and the upper extremity, the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST). A secondary analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of a student physical therapist and an experienced physical therapist to identify scapular type by observation. # STUDY DESIGN Multicenter, single session descriptive cohort # METHODS Sixty-one healthy participants (33 males, 28 females; mean age 24.19±2.61) completed testing across two locations in one testing session. Blood pressure and heart rate as well as height and weight were measured for each participant. Participants were classified by visual observation of Kibler scapular classification. The average number of CKUEST touches, a normalized score, and a power score were calculated for each participant. Three trials were performed and participants were required to take a 45-second rest break between each CKCUEST trial. # RESULTS One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences in Type I and Type IV Kibler scapula classification for the CKCUEST power score, however when an ANCOVA controlled for body mass index, there was no statistically significant difference. A strong correlation r=.94 was observed between student and experienced physical therapist in evaluating all four types of Kibler scapular classification. # CONCLUSIONS Visually observed Kibler scapular position does not affect the ability to perform the Davies CKCUEST in healthy young adults. The ability to identify Kibler scapular position was reliable between student and experienced physical therapists. Additional studies are required to identify the usefulness of the Kibler scapular position classification. # LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b: Individual Cohort Studyhttps://doi.org/10.26603/001c.23425 |
| spellingShingle | John D Heick Jenna Haggerty Robert C Manske A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| title | A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test |
| title_full | A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test |
| title_short | A Comparison of Resting Scapular Posture and the Davies Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test |
| title_sort | comparison of resting scapular posture and the davies closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test |
| url | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.23425 |
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