Association Between Creatinine and Lung Cancer Risk in Men Smokers: A Comparative Analysis with Antioxidant Biomarkers from the KCPS-II Cohort

Bilirubin, albumin, and uric acid are established endogenous antioxidant biomarkers, whereas the antioxidant role of creatinine has not yet been fully clarified. As a byproduct of creatine metabolism, creatinine may reflect underlying metabolic activity and redox balance, particularly under conditio...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jong-Won Shin, Thien-Minh Nguyen, Sun-Ha Jee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Antioxidants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/584
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