Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites
Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease endemic to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with three major clinical forms, self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Drug treatments are expensive and often result...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/631460 |
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| author | Angamuthu Selvapandiyan Ranadhir Dey Sreenivas Gannavaram Ines Lakhal-Naouar Robert Duncan Poonam Salotra Hira L. Nakhasi |
| author_facet | Angamuthu Selvapandiyan Ranadhir Dey Sreenivas Gannavaram Ines Lakhal-Naouar Robert Duncan Poonam Salotra Hira L. Nakhasi |
| author_sort | Angamuthu Selvapandiyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease endemic to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with three major clinical forms, self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Drug treatments are expensive and often result in the development of drug resistance. No vaccine is available against leishmaniasis. Subunit Leishmania vaccine immunization in animal models has shown some efficacy but little or none in humans. However, individuals who recover from natural infection are protected from reinfection and develop life-long protection, suggesting that infection may be a prerequisite for immunological memory. Thus, genetically altered live-attenuated parasites with controlled infectivity could achieve such memory. In this paper, we discuss development and characteristics of genetically altered, live-attenuated Leishmania donovani parasites and their possible use as vaccine candidates against VL. In addition, we discuss the challenges and other considerations in the use of live-attenuated parasites. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b232c3381b2f4501a12055294355bca5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9686 1687-9694 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-b232c3381b2f4501a12055294355bca52025-08-20T02:23:18ZengWileyJournal of Tropical Medicine1687-96861687-96942012-01-01201210.1155/2012/631460631460Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated ParasitesAngamuthu Selvapandiyan0Ranadhir Dey1Sreenivas Gannavaram2Ines Lakhal-Naouar3Robert Duncan4Poonam Salotra5Hira L. Nakhasi6Institute of Molecular Medicine, 254 Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase III, New Delhi 110020, IndiaDivision of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADivision of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADivision of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADivision of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAInstitute of Pathology (Indian Council of Medical Research), Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi 110029, USADivision of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USALeishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease endemic to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with three major clinical forms, self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Drug treatments are expensive and often result in the development of drug resistance. No vaccine is available against leishmaniasis. Subunit Leishmania vaccine immunization in animal models has shown some efficacy but little or none in humans. However, individuals who recover from natural infection are protected from reinfection and develop life-long protection, suggesting that infection may be a prerequisite for immunological memory. Thus, genetically altered live-attenuated parasites with controlled infectivity could achieve such memory. In this paper, we discuss development and characteristics of genetically altered, live-attenuated Leishmania donovani parasites and their possible use as vaccine candidates against VL. In addition, we discuss the challenges and other considerations in the use of live-attenuated parasites.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/631460 |
| spellingShingle | Angamuthu Selvapandiyan Ranadhir Dey Sreenivas Gannavaram Ines Lakhal-Naouar Robert Duncan Poonam Salotra Hira L. Nakhasi Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| title | Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites |
| title_full | Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites |
| title_fullStr | Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites |
| title_short | Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites |
| title_sort | immunity to visceral leishmaniasis using genetically defined live attenuated parasites |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/631460 |
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