Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter

Voltage-controlled AC to DC converters govern the load voltage as per requirement. They may be employed in numerous applications, including battery-charging systems, light dimming, and industrial speed drive systems. The voltage regulation is based on the delay angle control of the thyristors, which...

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Main Authors: Naveed Ashraf, Ghulam Abbas, Tanveer Yazdan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1674
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author Naveed Ashraf
Ghulam Abbas
Tanveer Yazdan
author_facet Naveed Ashraf
Ghulam Abbas
Tanveer Yazdan
author_sort Naveed Ashraf
collection DOAJ
description Voltage-controlled AC to DC converters govern the load voltage as per requirement. They may be employed in numerous applications, including battery-charging systems, light dimming, and industrial speed drive systems. The voltage regulation is based on the delay angle control of the thyristors, which has a simple gate control mechanism. Still, their input currents are highly distorted due to the generation of low-order harmonics. Also, their output voltage can only be regulated in step-down mode. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the input current depends on the relative value of the fundamental frequency components to their non-fundamental component. The power factor (PF) also depends on these values, as well as the phase displacement angle, which is controlled by the firing delay. The improvement in THD and PF can be enhanced by maintaining the sinusoidal characteristics of the input current as much as possible. The use of an AC filter may enhance these characteristics, but filtering the low-order harmonics is a big challenge. This research suggests a novel control and circuit of a single-phase rectifier that may ensure the sinusoidal characteristics of the input current with a dual polarity-controlled output voltage. Thus, it improves the THD and PF for any polarity of the output DC voltage. A practical test circuit is built for the validation of the analytical and computer simulation results.
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series Energies
spelling doaj-art-b2277287f49341c8bb0cc538bcdce4972025-08-20T03:08:52ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-03-01187167410.3390/en18071674Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC ConverterNaveed Ashraf0Ghulam Abbas1Tanveer Yazdan2Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanVoltage-controlled AC to DC converters govern the load voltage as per requirement. They may be employed in numerous applications, including battery-charging systems, light dimming, and industrial speed drive systems. The voltage regulation is based on the delay angle control of the thyristors, which has a simple gate control mechanism. Still, their input currents are highly distorted due to the generation of low-order harmonics. Also, their output voltage can only be regulated in step-down mode. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the input current depends on the relative value of the fundamental frequency components to their non-fundamental component. The power factor (PF) also depends on these values, as well as the phase displacement angle, which is controlled by the firing delay. The improvement in THD and PF can be enhanced by maintaining the sinusoidal characteristics of the input current as much as possible. The use of an AC filter may enhance these characteristics, but filtering the low-order harmonics is a big challenge. This research suggests a novel control and circuit of a single-phase rectifier that may ensure the sinusoidal characteristics of the input current with a dual polarity-controlled output voltage. Thus, it improves the THD and PF for any polarity of the output DC voltage. A practical test circuit is built for the validation of the analytical and computer simulation results.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1674AC-DC converterharmonicspower factordisplacement angledistortion factorAC and DC filters
spellingShingle Naveed Ashraf
Ghulam Abbas
Tanveer Yazdan
Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
Energies
AC-DC converter
harmonics
power factor
displacement angle
distortion factor
AC and DC filters
title Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
title_full Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
title_fullStr Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
title_full_unstemmed Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
title_short Input Power Quality Enhancement in Controlled Single-Phase AC to DC Converter
title_sort input power quality enhancement in controlled single phase ac to dc converter
topic AC-DC converter
harmonics
power factor
displacement angle
distortion factor
AC and DC filters
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1674
work_keys_str_mv AT naveedashraf inputpowerqualityenhancementincontrolledsinglephaseactodcconverter
AT ghulamabbas inputpowerqualityenhancementincontrolledsinglephaseactodcconverter
AT tanveeryazdan inputpowerqualityenhancementincontrolledsinglephaseactodcconverter