Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
# Background Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a significant cause of mortality in children; with deaths from BM in children aged \<5 years in Angola estimated at 2395 in 2015. *Streptococcus pneumoniae* is one causative agent for BM in young children, and Angola introduced routine immunization with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.3.e2019091 |
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| author | Suvi Urtti Manuel L. Cruzeiro Linda de Gouveia Heikki Peltola Anne von Gottberg Moe H. Kyaw Tuula Pelkonen |
| author_facet | Suvi Urtti Manuel L. Cruzeiro Linda de Gouveia Heikki Peltola Anne von Gottberg Moe H. Kyaw Tuula Pelkonen |
| author_sort | Suvi Urtti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a significant cause of mortality in children; with deaths from BM in children aged \<5 years in Angola estimated at 2395 in 2015. *Streptococcus pneumoniae* is one causative agent for BM in young children, and Angola introduced routine immunization with a 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) in 2012. This study assessed BM etiology in children in Angola following introduction of PCV13.
# Methods
This was a prospective, observational, single-site study conducted from October 2016 to October 2017. Children aged 3 months--15 years were included. Suspected meningitis was defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Detection and characterization of *S. pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis,* and *Haemophilus influenzae* was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.
# Results
A total of 1732 patients were enrolled and bacteria were detected in 137 cerebrospinal fluid samples. The most common pathogen detected was *S. pneumoniae* (43/137, 31.4%), followed by *H. influenzae* (21/137, 15.3%) and *N. meningitidis* (16/137, 11.7%) with 48% (10/21) of *S. pneumoniae* cases caused by PCV13 vaccine serotypes. *N. meningitidis* isolates were serogroups B, C and Y, and 67% (10/15) of *H. influenzae* isolates were type b. In patients with meningitis and a pathogen detected, mortality (38% (50/132) vs. 12% (101/818), *P*\<0.0001) and severe neurological sequelae (15% (10/67) vs. 5% (35/667), *P*=0.002) were higher than in those without pathogens detected.
# Conclusions
These data highlight that strategies to reduce the incidence of BM caused by *N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae* and *H. influenzae* must continue to reduce mortality and morbidity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b21af263a9664f05917a1768e684a9ae |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2399-1623 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-b21af263a9664f05917a1768e684a9ae2025-08-20T02:40:08ZengInishmore Laser Scientific Publishing LtdJournal of Global Health Reports2399-16232019-12-01310.29392/joghr.3.e2019091Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccinesSuvi UrttiManuel L. CruzeiroLinda de GouveiaHeikki PeltolaAnne von GottbergMoe H. KyawTuula Pelkonen# Background Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a significant cause of mortality in children; with deaths from BM in children aged \<5 years in Angola estimated at 2395 in 2015. *Streptococcus pneumoniae* is one causative agent for BM in young children, and Angola introduced routine immunization with a 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) in 2012. This study assessed BM etiology in children in Angola following introduction of PCV13. # Methods This was a prospective, observational, single-site study conducted from October 2016 to October 2017. Children aged 3 months--15 years were included. Suspected meningitis was defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Detection and characterization of *S. pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis,* and *Haemophilus influenzae* was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. # Results A total of 1732 patients were enrolled and bacteria were detected in 137 cerebrospinal fluid samples. The most common pathogen detected was *S. pneumoniae* (43/137, 31.4%), followed by *H. influenzae* (21/137, 15.3%) and *N. meningitidis* (16/137, 11.7%) with 48% (10/21) of *S. pneumoniae* cases caused by PCV13 vaccine serotypes. *N. meningitidis* isolates were serogroups B, C and Y, and 67% (10/15) of *H. influenzae* isolates were type b. In patients with meningitis and a pathogen detected, mortality (38% (50/132) vs. 12% (101/818), *P*\<0.0001) and severe neurological sequelae (15% (10/67) vs. 5% (35/667), *P*=0.002) were higher than in those without pathogens detected. # Conclusions These data highlight that strategies to reduce the incidence of BM caused by *N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae* and *H. influenzae* must continue to reduce mortality and morbidity.https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.3.e2019091 |
| spellingShingle | Suvi Urtti Manuel L. Cruzeiro Linda de Gouveia Heikki Peltola Anne von Gottberg Moe H. Kyaw Tuula Pelkonen Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines Journal of Global Health Reports |
| title | Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| title_full | Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| title_short | Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an Angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| title_sort | surveillance of bacterial meningitis in an angolan pediatric hospital after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines |
| url | https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.3.e2019091 |
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