Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke
Ischemic stroke is the result of a permanent or transient occlusion of a brain artery, leading to irreversible tissue injury and long-term sequelae. Despite ongoing advancements in revascularization techniques, stroke remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. A comprehensive understanding...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmacological Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661824004468 |
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| author | J. Castillo-González L. Buscemi P. Vargas-Rodríguez I. Serrano-Martínez I. Forte-Lago M. Caro M. Price P. Hernández-Cortés L. Hirt E. González-Rey |
| author_facet | J. Castillo-González L. Buscemi P. Vargas-Rodríguez I. Serrano-Martínez I. Forte-Lago M. Caro M. Price P. Hernández-Cortés L. Hirt E. González-Rey |
| author_sort | J. Castillo-González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ischemic stroke is the result of a permanent or transient occlusion of a brain artery, leading to irreversible tissue injury and long-term sequelae. Despite ongoing advancements in revascularization techniques, stroke remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the complex and interconnected mechanisms, along with the endogenous mediators that modulate stroke responses is essential for the development of effective interventions. Our study investigates cortistatin, a neuropeptide extensively distributed in the immune and central nervous systems, known for its immunomodulatory properties. With neuroinflammation and peripheral immune deregulation as key pathological features of brain ischemia, cortistatin emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate. To this aim, we evaluated its potential effect in a well-established middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) preclinical stroke model. Our findings indicated that the peripheral administration of cortistatin at 24 h post-stroke significantly reduced neurological damage and enhanced recovery. Importantly, cortistatin-induced neuroprotection was multitargeted, as it modulated the glial reactivity and astrocytic scar formation, facilitated blood-brain barrier recovery, and regulated local and systemic immune dysfunction. Surprisingly, administration of cortistatin at immediate and early post-stroke time points proved to be not beneficial and even detrimental. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of stroke pathology to develop innovative therapeutic strategies with appropriate time windows. Premature interruption of certain neuroinflammatory processes might inadvertently compromise neuroprotective mechanisms. In summary, our study highlights cortistatin as a novel pleiotropic therapeutic approach against ischemic stroke, offering new treatment options for patients who undergo early revascularization intervention but unsuccessful recovery. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2132a772bb74569bc46ff15b140a99e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1096-1186 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacological Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-b2132a772bb74569bc46ff15b140a99e2024-12-18T08:47:19ZengElsevierPharmacological Research1096-11862024-12-01210107501Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic strokeJ. Castillo-González0L. Buscemi1P. Vargas-Rodríguez2I. Serrano-Martínez3I. Forte-Lago4M. Caro5M. Price6P. Hernández-Cortés7L. Hirt8E. González-Rey9Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, SpainUniversity of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, SpainInstitute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, SpainInstitute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, SpainInstitute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, SpainUniversity of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, SwitzerlandSchool of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, SpainUniversity of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Corresponding author at: University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, Granada 18016, Spain; Corresponding author.Ischemic stroke is the result of a permanent or transient occlusion of a brain artery, leading to irreversible tissue injury and long-term sequelae. Despite ongoing advancements in revascularization techniques, stroke remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the complex and interconnected mechanisms, along with the endogenous mediators that modulate stroke responses is essential for the development of effective interventions. Our study investigates cortistatin, a neuropeptide extensively distributed in the immune and central nervous systems, known for its immunomodulatory properties. With neuroinflammation and peripheral immune deregulation as key pathological features of brain ischemia, cortistatin emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate. To this aim, we evaluated its potential effect in a well-established middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) preclinical stroke model. Our findings indicated that the peripheral administration of cortistatin at 24 h post-stroke significantly reduced neurological damage and enhanced recovery. Importantly, cortistatin-induced neuroprotection was multitargeted, as it modulated the glial reactivity and astrocytic scar formation, facilitated blood-brain barrier recovery, and regulated local and systemic immune dysfunction. Surprisingly, administration of cortistatin at immediate and early post-stroke time points proved to be not beneficial and even detrimental. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of stroke pathology to develop innovative therapeutic strategies with appropriate time windows. Premature interruption of certain neuroinflammatory processes might inadvertently compromise neuroprotective mechanisms. In summary, our study highlights cortistatin as a novel pleiotropic therapeutic approach against ischemic stroke, offering new treatment options for patients who undergo early revascularization intervention but unsuccessful recovery.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661824004468blood-brain barrier breakdowncortistatinischemic strokeglial responseneuroimmune regulationneuroinflammation |
| spellingShingle | J. Castillo-González L. Buscemi P. Vargas-Rodríguez I. Serrano-Martínez I. Forte-Lago M. Caro M. Price P. Hernández-Cortés L. Hirt E. González-Rey Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke Pharmacological Research blood-brain barrier breakdown cortistatin ischemic stroke glial response neuroimmune regulation neuroinflammation |
| title | Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| title_full | Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| title_fullStr | Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| title_short | Cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| title_sort | cortistatin exerts an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role in a preclinical model of ischemic stroke |
| topic | blood-brain barrier breakdown cortistatin ischemic stroke glial response neuroimmune regulation neuroinflammation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661824004468 |
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