Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia

Abstract This study investigates the computational mechanisms underlying visual working memory (VWM) deficits in schizophrenia (SZ) under distraction. Combining 60 SZ patients and 61 demographically matched healthy controls (HC), we employed a modified delayed-estimation task with varying set sizes...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ru-Yuan Zhang, Yi-Jie Zhao, Li Zhang, Xuemei Ran, Ji Chen, Yixuan Ku
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Schizophrenia
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-025-00631-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849399570617860096
author Ru-Yuan Zhang
Yi-Jie Zhao
Li Zhang
Xuemei Ran
Ji Chen
Yixuan Ku
author_facet Ru-Yuan Zhang
Yi-Jie Zhao
Li Zhang
Xuemei Ran
Ji Chen
Yixuan Ku
author_sort Ru-Yuan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study investigates the computational mechanisms underlying visual working memory (VWM) deficits in schizophrenia (SZ) under distraction. Combining 60 SZ patients and 61 demographically matched healthy controls (HC), we employed a modified delayed-estimation task with varying set sizes (1/3) and distractor numbers (0/2). Results showed universally impaired VWM performance in SZ across conditions, though distraction did not disproportionately worsen their deficits. Using the variable precision model, we found that distractors significantly increased resource allocation variability (reflecting heterogeneity in attentional resource distribution) in HC, but not in SZ. This counterintuitive pattern suggests SZ patients’ VWM processes are less perturbed by external distractions, potentially linked to reduced flexibility in cognitive control. Our findings highlight the nonlinear interplay of multiple cognitive dysfunctions in SZ, where their combined effects exceed simple additive models, offering new insights into the mechanistic complexity of cognitive deficits in the disorder.
format Article
id doaj-art-b2037a292c7a48a2bb0dd3ea973a44a2
institution Kabale University
issn 2754-6993
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Schizophrenia
spelling doaj-art-b2037a292c7a48a2bb0dd3ea973a44a22025-08-20T03:38:18ZengNature PortfolioSchizophrenia2754-69932025-07-011111710.1038/s41537-025-00631-zUnexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophreniaRu-Yuan Zhang0Yi-Jie Zhao1Li Zhang2Xuemei Ran3Ji Chen4Yixuan Ku5Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of PsychologyClinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai Changning Mental Health CenterSchool of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal UniversityCenter for Brain Health and Brain Technology, Global Institute of Future Technology, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Department of Psychology, Center for Brain and Mental Well-being, Sun Yat-sen UniversityAbstract This study investigates the computational mechanisms underlying visual working memory (VWM) deficits in schizophrenia (SZ) under distraction. Combining 60 SZ patients and 61 demographically matched healthy controls (HC), we employed a modified delayed-estimation task with varying set sizes (1/3) and distractor numbers (0/2). Results showed universally impaired VWM performance in SZ across conditions, though distraction did not disproportionately worsen their deficits. Using the variable precision model, we found that distractors significantly increased resource allocation variability (reflecting heterogeneity in attentional resource distribution) in HC, but not in SZ. This counterintuitive pattern suggests SZ patients’ VWM processes are less perturbed by external distractions, potentially linked to reduced flexibility in cognitive control. Our findings highlight the nonlinear interplay of multiple cognitive dysfunctions in SZ, where their combined effects exceed simple additive models, offering new insights into the mechanistic complexity of cognitive deficits in the disorder.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-025-00631-z
spellingShingle Ru-Yuan Zhang
Yi-Jie Zhao
Li Zhang
Xuemei Ran
Ji Chen
Yixuan Ku
Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
title Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
title_full Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
title_fullStr Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
title_short Unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
title_sort unexpected higher resilience to distraction during visual working memory in schizophrenia
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-025-00631-z
work_keys_str_mv AT ruyuanzhang unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia
AT yijiezhao unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia
AT lizhang unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia
AT xuemeiran unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia
AT jichen unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia
AT yixuanku unexpectedhigherresiliencetodistractionduringvisualworkingmemoryinschizophrenia