Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool
The general daily maintenance of outdoor swimming pools includes the addition of chlorine for disinfection. Chlorine is a potentially hazardous chemical that is harmful to users, and its excessive addition could lead to health effects in swimmers while insufficient levels may result...
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| Language: | English |
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Mahidol University
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/254707/171988 |
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| author | Umarat Santisukkasaem |
| author_facet | Umarat Santisukkasaem |
| author_sort | Umarat Santisukkasaem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The general daily maintenance of outdoor swimming pools includes the addition of chlorine for disinfection. Chlorine is a potentially hazardous chemical that is harmful to users, and its excessive addition could lead to health effects in swimmers while insufficient levels may result in inadequate disinfection. This study aimed to optimize chlorine management at the Silpakorn University swimming pool by analyzing the physical and chemical characteristics of outdoor pool water. Initial sampling revealed an unacceptably high residual chlorine concentration of 20 mg/L, exceeding regulatory standards. To address this, a chlorine management strategy was implemented. Chlorine adjustment was conducted by measuring the residual chlorine concentration and calculating the chlorine demand. Post-intervention results indicated that residual chlorine and pH levels were successfully brought within acceptable limits. Further analysis confirmed that parameters such as hardness, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, suspended and dissolved solids, and total and fecal coliform bacteria met safety standards. Recommendations were given to the pool caretaker, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) while handling chlorine, a precise measurementof chlorine (1 kg daily), and regular filtration tank maintenance at least twice a month. Besides improving social and environmental aspects, the optimized chlorine usage resulted in an estimated annual cost saving of $1,213.26 (1 USD ≈ 36.065 THB). This study highlights the importance of sustainable chlorine management in swimming pools, offering a practical approach that can be replicated in similar facilities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1f5ed11d95d43cc9130aeb610ea9c90 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1686-5456 2408-2384 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Mahidol University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment and Natural Resources Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1f5ed11d95d43cc9130aeb610ea9c902025-08-20T02:30:13ZengMahidol UniversityEnvironment and Natural Resources Journal1686-54562408-23842025-05-0123325626410.32526/ennrj/23/20240181Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming PoolUmarat Santisukkasaem0Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, ThailandThe general daily maintenance of outdoor swimming pools includes the addition of chlorine for disinfection. Chlorine is a potentially hazardous chemical that is harmful to users, and its excessive addition could lead to health effects in swimmers while insufficient levels may result in inadequate disinfection. This study aimed to optimize chlorine management at the Silpakorn University swimming pool by analyzing the physical and chemical characteristics of outdoor pool water. Initial sampling revealed an unacceptably high residual chlorine concentration of 20 mg/L, exceeding regulatory standards. To address this, a chlorine management strategy was implemented. Chlorine adjustment was conducted by measuring the residual chlorine concentration and calculating the chlorine demand. Post-intervention results indicated that residual chlorine and pH levels were successfully brought within acceptable limits. Further analysis confirmed that parameters such as hardness, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, suspended and dissolved solids, and total and fecal coliform bacteria met safety standards. Recommendations were given to the pool caretaker, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) while handling chlorine, a precise measurementof chlorine (1 kg daily), and regular filtration tank maintenance at least twice a month. Besides improving social and environmental aspects, the optimized chlorine usage resulted in an estimated annual cost saving of $1,213.26 (1 USD ≈ 36.065 THB). This study highlights the importance of sustainable chlorine management in swimming pools, offering a practical approach that can be replicated in similar facilities.https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/254707/171988outdoor swimming poolchlorine managemenenvironmental sustainabilitywater qualityanalysisresource efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Umarat Santisukkasaem Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool Environment and Natural Resources Journal outdoor swimming pool chlorine managemen environmental sustainability water qualityanalysis resource efficiency |
| title | Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool |
| title_full | Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool |
| title_short | Sustainable Management of Chlorine Consumption in an Outdoor Swimming Pool: A Case Study of the Silpakorn University Swimming Pool |
| title_sort | sustainable management of chlorine consumption in an outdoor swimming pool a case study of the silpakorn university swimming pool |
| topic | outdoor swimming pool chlorine managemen environmental sustainability water qualityanalysis resource efficiency |
| url | https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/254707/171988 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT umaratsantisukkasaem sustainablemanagementofchlorineconsumptioninanoutdoorswimmingpoolacasestudyofthesilpakornuniversityswimmingpool |