Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men
Background Sarcopenia, a multifactorial disorder involving metabolic disturbance, suggests potential for metabolite biomarkers. Carnitine (CN), essential for skeletal muscle energy metabolism, may be a candidate biomarker. We investigated whether CN metabolites are biomarkers for sarcopenia. Methods...
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Korean Endocrine Society
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
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| Online Access: | http://e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2024-2117.pdf |
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| author | Je Hyun Seo Jung-Min Koh Han Jin Cho Hanjun Kim Young‑Sun Lee Su Jung Kim Pil Whan Yoon Won Kim Sung Jin Bae Hong-Kyu Kim Hyun Ju Yoo Seung Hun Lee |
| author_facet | Je Hyun Seo Jung-Min Koh Han Jin Cho Hanjun Kim Young‑Sun Lee Su Jung Kim Pil Whan Yoon Won Kim Sung Jin Bae Hong-Kyu Kim Hyun Ju Yoo Seung Hun Lee |
| author_sort | Je Hyun Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Sarcopenia, a multifactorial disorder involving metabolic disturbance, suggests potential for metabolite biomarkers. Carnitine (CN), essential for skeletal muscle energy metabolism, may be a candidate biomarker. We investigated whether CN metabolites are biomarkers for sarcopenia. Methods Associations between the CN metabolites identified from an animal model of sarcopenia and muscle cells and sarcopenia status were evaluated in men from an age-matched discovery (72 cases, 72 controls) and a validation (21 cases, 47 controls) cohort. Results An association between CN metabolites and sarcopenia showed in mouse and cell studies. In the discovery cohort, plasma C5-CN levels were lower in sarcopenic men (P=0.005). C5-CN levels in men tended to be associated with handgrip strength (HGS) (P=0.098) and were significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass (P=0.003). Each standard deviation increase in C5-CN levels reduced the odds of low muscle mass (odd ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42 to 0.89). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of CN score using a regression equation of C5-CN levels, for sarcopenia was 0.635 (95% CI, 0.544 to 0.726). In the discovery cohort, addition of CN score to HGS significantly improved AUROC from 0.646 (95% CI, 0.575 to 0.717; HGS only) to 0.727 (95% CI, 0.643 to 0.810; P=0.006; HGS+CN score). The improvement was confirmed in the validation cohort (AUROC=0.563; 95% CI, 0.470 to 0.656 for HGS; and AUROC=0.712; 95% CI, 0.569 to 0.855 for HGS+CN score; P=0.027). Conclusion C5-CN, indicative of low muscle mass, is a potential circulating biomarker for sarcopenia in men. Further studies are required to confirm these results and explore sarcopenia-related metabolomic changes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1f0ce3596a34d05802002ccb61fdd35 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2093-596X 2093-5978 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Korean Endocrine Society |
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| series | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1f0ce3596a34d05802002ccb61fdd352025-08-20T03:04:26ZengKorean Endocrine SocietyEndocrinology and Metabolism2093-596X2093-59782025-02-014019310210.3803/EnM.2024.21172560Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in MenJe Hyun Seo0Jung-Min Koh1Han Jin Cho2Hanjun Kim3Young‑Sun Lee4Su Jung Kim5Pil Whan Yoon6Won Kim7Sung Jin Bae8Hong-Kyu Kim9Hyun Ju Yoo10Seung Hun Lee11 Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Now Hospital, Anyang, Korea Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaBackground Sarcopenia, a multifactorial disorder involving metabolic disturbance, suggests potential for metabolite biomarkers. Carnitine (CN), essential for skeletal muscle energy metabolism, may be a candidate biomarker. We investigated whether CN metabolites are biomarkers for sarcopenia. Methods Associations between the CN metabolites identified from an animal model of sarcopenia and muscle cells and sarcopenia status were evaluated in men from an age-matched discovery (72 cases, 72 controls) and a validation (21 cases, 47 controls) cohort. Results An association between CN metabolites and sarcopenia showed in mouse and cell studies. In the discovery cohort, plasma C5-CN levels were lower in sarcopenic men (P=0.005). C5-CN levels in men tended to be associated with handgrip strength (HGS) (P=0.098) and were significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass (P=0.003). Each standard deviation increase in C5-CN levels reduced the odds of low muscle mass (odd ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42 to 0.89). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of CN score using a regression equation of C5-CN levels, for sarcopenia was 0.635 (95% CI, 0.544 to 0.726). In the discovery cohort, addition of CN score to HGS significantly improved AUROC from 0.646 (95% CI, 0.575 to 0.717; HGS only) to 0.727 (95% CI, 0.643 to 0.810; P=0.006; HGS+CN score). The improvement was confirmed in the validation cohort (AUROC=0.563; 95% CI, 0.470 to 0.656 for HGS; and AUROC=0.712; 95% CI, 0.569 to 0.855 for HGS+CN score; P=0.027). Conclusion C5-CN, indicative of low muscle mass, is a potential circulating biomarker for sarcopenia in men. Further studies are required to confirm these results and explore sarcopenia-related metabolomic changes.http://e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2024-2117.pdfagingmetabolomicssarcopeniabiomarkerscarnitine |
| spellingShingle | Je Hyun Seo Jung-Min Koh Han Jin Cho Hanjun Kim Young‑Sun Lee Su Jung Kim Pil Whan Yoon Won Kim Sung Jin Bae Hong-Kyu Kim Hyun Ju Yoo Seung Hun Lee Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men Endocrinology and Metabolism aging metabolomics sarcopenia biomarkers carnitine |
| title | Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men |
| title_full | Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men |
| title_fullStr | Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men |
| title_short | Carnitine Metabolite as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Men |
| title_sort | carnitine metabolite as a potential circulating biomarker for sarcopenia in men |
| topic | aging metabolomics sarcopenia biomarkers carnitine |
| url | http://e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2024-2117.pdf |
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