Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm that can rarely undergo malignant transformation, with a poor prognosis. The most frequent histotypes of the sarcomatous transformation of GCTB are osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1604056/full |
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| author | Federica Riva Sabrina Vari Concetta Elisa Onesti Renato Covello Silvia Scuderi Serena Ceddia Maria Rosaria Fiore Vincenzo Anelli Sabino Strippoli Virginia Ferraresi |
| author_facet | Federica Riva Sabrina Vari Concetta Elisa Onesti Renato Covello Silvia Scuderi Serena Ceddia Maria Rosaria Fiore Vincenzo Anelli Sabino Strippoli Virginia Ferraresi |
| author_sort | Federica Riva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm that can rarely undergo malignant transformation, with a poor prognosis. The most frequent histotypes of the sarcomatous transformation of GCTB are osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and the treatment approach mirrors that of high-grade sarcomas. This case report describes the malignant transformation of a maxillary GCTB treated with standard systemic treatments for bone tumors and local treatment, resulting in a progression of disease until the patient’s death. Nevertheless, a marked radiological and clinical response was achieved with local carbon ion therapy. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of malignant transformation of GCTB, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach at specialized centers and the potential role of local therapies in selected cases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1d6eef26d7945e7a502f6a51842e6cb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1d6eef26d7945e7a502f6a51842e6cb2025-08-20T03:12:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2025-07-011510.3389/fonc.2025.16040561604056Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference centerFederica Riva0Sabrina Vari1Concetta Elisa Onesti2Renato Covello3Silvia Scuderi4Serena Ceddia5Maria Rosaria Fiore6Vincenzo Anelli7Sabino Strippoli8Virginia Ferraresi9UOSD Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ItalyUOSD Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyUOSD Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, ItalyUOSD Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyRadiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, ItalyRadiology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyRare Tumors and Melanoma Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, ItalyUOSD Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, ItalyGiant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm that can rarely undergo malignant transformation, with a poor prognosis. The most frequent histotypes of the sarcomatous transformation of GCTB are osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and the treatment approach mirrors that of high-grade sarcomas. This case report describes the malignant transformation of a maxillary GCTB treated with standard systemic treatments for bone tumors and local treatment, resulting in a progression of disease until the patient’s death. Nevertheless, a marked radiological and clinical response was achieved with local carbon ion therapy. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of malignant transformation of GCTB, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach at specialized centers and the potential role of local therapies in selected cases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1604056/fullgiant cell tumor of bonesarcomamalignant transformationhadrontherapycase report |
| spellingShingle | Federica Riva Sabrina Vari Concetta Elisa Onesti Renato Covello Silvia Scuderi Serena Ceddia Maria Rosaria Fiore Vincenzo Anelli Sabino Strippoli Virginia Ferraresi Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center Frontiers in Oncology giant cell tumor of bone sarcoma malignant transformation hadrontherapy case report |
| title | Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center |
| title_full | Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center |
| title_fullStr | Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center |
| title_short | Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center |
| title_sort | case report malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from euracan reference center |
| topic | giant cell tumor of bone sarcoma malignant transformation hadrontherapy case report |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1604056/full |
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