Case Report: Malignant transformation of maxillary giant cell tumor of bone from EURACAN reference center
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm that can rarely undergo malignant transformation, with a poor prognosis. The most frequent histotypes of the sarcomatous transformation of GCTB are osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and th...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1604056/full |
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| Summary: | Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm that can rarely undergo malignant transformation, with a poor prognosis. The most frequent histotypes of the sarcomatous transformation of GCTB are osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and the treatment approach mirrors that of high-grade sarcomas. This case report describes the malignant transformation of a maxillary GCTB treated with standard systemic treatments for bone tumors and local treatment, resulting in a progression of disease until the patient’s death. Nevertheless, a marked radiological and clinical response was achieved with local carbon ion therapy. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of malignant transformation of GCTB, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach at specialized centers and the potential role of local therapies in selected cases. |
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| ISSN: | 2234-943X |