Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B
Hypertension is associated with low-grade inflammation, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to be linked to the development and maintenance of hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effects of scutellarin (administered by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks) on brain TLR4/nuclear fac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/432623 |
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| author | Xingyong Chen Xiaogeng Shi Xu Zhang Huixin Lei Simei Long Huanxing Su Zhong Pei Ruxun Huang |
| author_facet | Xingyong Chen Xiaogeng Shi Xu Zhang Huixin Lei Simei Long Huanxing Su Zhong Pei Ruxun Huang |
| author_sort | Xingyong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypertension is associated with low-grade inflammation, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to be linked to the development and maintenance of hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effects of scutellarin (administered by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks) on brain TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B-(NF-κB-) mediated inflammation and blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive (using the 2-kidney, 2-clip method) rats. Immunofluorescence and western immunoblot analyses revealed that hypertension contributed to the activation of TLR4 and NF-κB, accompanied by significantly enhanced expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, expression of the antiapoptotic protein, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl1), was decreased, and the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax and cleavedcaspase-3 p17 were increased in combined cerebral cortical/striatal soluble lysates. Scutellarin significantly lowered blood pressure and attenuated the number of activated microglia and macrophages in brains of hypertensive rats. Furthermore, scutellarin significantly reduced the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 p17, and increased the expression of Mcl1. Overall, these results revealed that scutellarin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties and decreases blood pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore, scutellarin may be a potential therapeutic agent in hypertension-associated diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1b25fa85bdf4e0d95e37b8a581b43a6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1b25fa85bdf4e0d95e37b8a581b43a62025-02-03T06:05:55ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612013-01-01201310.1155/2013/432623432623Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa BXingyong Chen0Xiaogeng Shi1Xu Zhang2Huixin Lei3Simei Long4Huanxing Su5Zhong Pei6Ruxun Huang7Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaKey Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, MacauDepartment of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaHypertension is associated with low-grade inflammation, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to be linked to the development and maintenance of hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effects of scutellarin (administered by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks) on brain TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B-(NF-κB-) mediated inflammation and blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive (using the 2-kidney, 2-clip method) rats. Immunofluorescence and western immunoblot analyses revealed that hypertension contributed to the activation of TLR4 and NF-κB, accompanied by significantly enhanced expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, expression of the antiapoptotic protein, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl1), was decreased, and the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax and cleavedcaspase-3 p17 were increased in combined cerebral cortical/striatal soluble lysates. Scutellarin significantly lowered blood pressure and attenuated the number of activated microglia and macrophages in brains of hypertensive rats. Furthermore, scutellarin significantly reduced the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 p17, and increased the expression of Mcl1. Overall, these results revealed that scutellarin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties and decreases blood pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore, scutellarin may be a potential therapeutic agent in hypertension-associated diseases.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/432623 |
| spellingShingle | Xingyong Chen Xiaogeng Shi Xu Zhang Huixin Lei Simei Long Huanxing Su Zhong Pei Ruxun Huang Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B |
| title_full | Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B |
| title_fullStr | Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B |
| title_short | Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B |
| title_sort | scutellarin attenuates hypertension induced expression of brain toll like receptor 4 nuclear factor kappa b |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/432623 |
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