Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer
The microphysics and visibility (Vis) of a sea fog event with precipitation were measured at the Baguan Hill Meteorological Station (BGMS) (36.07° N, 120.33° E; 86 m above sea level) from 27 June to 28 June 2022. The duration of the fog process was 880 min. The mean value of the number concentration...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Xiaoyu Shi Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Yingchen Liu Yilin Liu Xiaoyu Wang Yuechao Jiang |
| author_facet | Xiaoyu Shi Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Yingchen Liu Yilin Liu Xiaoyu Wang Yuechao Jiang |
| author_sort | Xiaoyu Shi |
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| description | The microphysics and visibility (Vis) of a sea fog event with precipitation were measured at the Baguan Hill Meteorological Station (BGMS) (36.07° N, 120.33° E; 86 m above sea level) from 27 June to 28 June 2022. The duration of the fog process was 880 min. The mean value of the number concentration (N<sub>d</sub>) was 190.62 cm<sup>−3</sup>, and the mean value of the liquid water content (LWC) was 0.026 g m<sup>−3</sup>. Small droplets contributed 81% to N<sub>d</sub> and had a greater impact on visibility attenuation, while larger droplets accounted for 58% of the total LWC. The observed droplet size distribution (DSD) was better represented by the G-exponential distribution than by the Gamma distribution. Incorporating both N<sub>d</sub> and LWC in Vis parameterization resulted in the best prediction performance. This work enhances understanding of sea fog microphysics in the west coast of Yellow Sea in summer and highlights the need for long-term observations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1a207e0e8cb4237bc10328f1cdd1803 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1a207e0e8cb4237bc10328f1cdd18032025-08-20T02:11:15ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-03-0116330810.3390/atmos16030308Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in SummerXiaoyu Shi0Li Yi1Suping Zhang2Xiaomeng Shi3Yingchen Liu4Yilin Liu5Xiaoyu Wang6Yuechao Jiang7Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaQingdao Meteorological Bureau, Qingdao 266003, ChinaPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaThe microphysics and visibility (Vis) of a sea fog event with precipitation were measured at the Baguan Hill Meteorological Station (BGMS) (36.07° N, 120.33° E; 86 m above sea level) from 27 June to 28 June 2022. The duration of the fog process was 880 min. The mean value of the number concentration (N<sub>d</sub>) was 190.62 cm<sup>−3</sup>, and the mean value of the liquid water content (LWC) was 0.026 g m<sup>−3</sup>. Small droplets contributed 81% to N<sub>d</sub> and had a greater impact on visibility attenuation, while larger droplets accounted for 58% of the total LWC. The observed droplet size distribution (DSD) was better represented by the G-exponential distribution than by the Gamma distribution. Incorporating both N<sub>d</sub> and LWC in Vis parameterization resulted in the best prediction performance. This work enhances understanding of sea fog microphysics in the west coast of Yellow Sea in summer and highlights the need for long-term observations.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/3/308fog microphysicslow visibilityfog droplet spectrum distributionvisibility parameterization schemes |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyu Shi Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Yingchen Liu Yilin Liu Xiaoyu Wang Yuechao Jiang Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer Atmosphere fog microphysics low visibility fog droplet spectrum distribution visibility parameterization schemes |
| title | Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer |
| title_full | Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer |
| title_fullStr | Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer |
| title_short | Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer |
| title_sort | microphysical characteristics of a sea fog event with precipitation along the west coast of the yellow sea in summer |
| topic | fog microphysics low visibility fog droplet spectrum distribution visibility parameterization schemes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/3/308 |
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