Case Report: MOGAD - a steroid-responsive autoimmune meningoencephalitis mimicking infection

Case Report: MOGAD - a steroid-responsive autoimmune meningoencephalitis mimicking infection

This case series reports three patients initially managed for presumed infectious meningoencephalitis, who were ultimately diagnosed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD). Their clinical presentations were strikingly similar to those of acute infectious meningoencephali...

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Main Authors: Yihui Goh, Priscillia Pei Shi Lye, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Derek Tuck Loong Soon, Nares Smitasin, Jonathan Jia Yuan Ong, Clement Hsiang Rong Yong, Yee Cheun Chan, David Tang, Kay Wei Ping Ng, Raymond Chee Seong Seet, Amy May Lin Quek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
MOGAD
MOG-IgG
aseptic meningoencephalitis
cerebral cortical encephalitis
autoimmune
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1516178/full
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Summary:This case series reports three patients initially managed for presumed infectious meningoencephalitis, who were ultimately diagnosed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD). Their clinical presentations were strikingly similar to those of acute infectious meningoencephalitis, which posed a challenge to the initial diagnostic process. Notably, despite the absence of typical radiological changes associated with MOGAD, such as cerebral cortical encephalitis, these patients exhibited focal neurological and electroencephalographic changes. This series highlights the importance of considering MOG antibody testing in cases of aseptic meningoencephalitis, where early and accurate diagnosis can influence treatment decisions and patient outcomes in this steroid-responsive condition.
ISSN:1664-3224

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