Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review
Context: Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urogenital abnormality in male children, and early intervention is imperative to prevent impaired spermatogenesis or malignant transformation. Objective: This study analysed and documented the presentation, pattern, and management outcomes of paediat...
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Nigerian Medical Association, Akwa Ibom State Branch
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Ibom Medical Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://ibommedicaljournal.org/index.php/imjhome/article/view/673 |
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| author | Ituen MA Akpanudo EI Eyo AE Emmanuel EM |
| author_facet | Ituen MA Akpanudo EI Eyo AE Emmanuel EM |
| author_sort | Ituen MA |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Context: Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urogenital abnormality in male children, and early intervention is imperative to prevent impaired spermatogenesis or malignant transformation.
Objective: This study analysed and documented the presentation, pattern, and management outcomes of paediatric UDT at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), South-South, Nigeria.
Methods: This was an 11-year retrospective descriptive study of children managed for UDT at the Paediatric Surgery Unit of UUTH between January 2012 and December 2022. Data were extracted from case notes using a structured proforma, documenting age, clinical presentation, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, and results are presented as frequencies, percentages, and medians with interquartile ranges (IQR).
Results: Sixty-five children were treated for UDT, with ages ranging from 7 months to 15 years (median: 5 years, IQR: 2–9 years). The most common presenting complaint was an empty scrotum in 51 patients (78.5%). Three-quarters of the patients (78.5%) presented after their first birthday, with the most frequent reason for delay being advice from healthcare workers to wait indefinitely. The right testis was undescended in 30 patients (46.1%), the left in 15 (23.1%), and bilateral in 20 (30.8%). Forty-seven (72.3%) had palpable testes, while 18 (27.7%) were nonpalpable. The canalicular position was the most frequent testicular location (48.2%), and the most common associated anomaly was congenital hernia or hydrocele (97%). Single-stage orchidopexy was performed in 53 patients (81.5%), two-stage in 8 (12.3%), and orchidectomy in 4 (6.2%). The overall success rate for orchidopexy was high, with a 21.5% complication rate, the most common being scrotal surgical site infection (13.8%).
Conclusion: Undescended testes is a common condition in male children with good surgical outcomes when treated early. In our study, most patients presented after their first birthday, often due to delayed referral by healthcare workers. Early referral and awareness campaigns are essential to reduce delays and improve outcomes.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b17489ab74454352b6c0bee16ea124ab |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1597-7188 2735-9964 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nigerian Medical Association, Akwa Ibom State Branch |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ibom Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-b17489ab74454352b6c0bee16ea124ab2025-08-20T02:39:16ZengNigerian Medical Association, Akwa Ibom State BranchIbom Medical Journal1597-71882735-99642025-04-0118210.61386/imj.v18i2.673Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year reviewItuen MA0Akpanudo EI1Eyo AE2Emmanuel EM3Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo, NigeriaPaediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, NigeriaPaediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, NigeriaPaediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria Context: Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urogenital abnormality in male children, and early intervention is imperative to prevent impaired spermatogenesis or malignant transformation. Objective: This study analysed and documented the presentation, pattern, and management outcomes of paediatric UDT at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), South-South, Nigeria. Methods: This was an 11-year retrospective descriptive study of children managed for UDT at the Paediatric Surgery Unit of UUTH between January 2012 and December 2022. Data were extracted from case notes using a structured proforma, documenting age, clinical presentation, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, and results are presented as frequencies, percentages, and medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). Results: Sixty-five children were treated for UDT, with ages ranging from 7 months to 15 years (median: 5 years, IQR: 2–9 years). The most common presenting complaint was an empty scrotum in 51 patients (78.5%). Three-quarters of the patients (78.5%) presented after their first birthday, with the most frequent reason for delay being advice from healthcare workers to wait indefinitely. The right testis was undescended in 30 patients (46.1%), the left in 15 (23.1%), and bilateral in 20 (30.8%). Forty-seven (72.3%) had palpable testes, while 18 (27.7%) were nonpalpable. The canalicular position was the most frequent testicular location (48.2%), and the most common associated anomaly was congenital hernia or hydrocele (97%). Single-stage orchidopexy was performed in 53 patients (81.5%), two-stage in 8 (12.3%), and orchidectomy in 4 (6.2%). The overall success rate for orchidopexy was high, with a 21.5% complication rate, the most common being scrotal surgical site infection (13.8%). Conclusion: Undescended testes is a common condition in male children with good surgical outcomes when treated early. In our study, most patients presented after their first birthday, often due to delayed referral by healthcare workers. Early referral and awareness campaigns are essential to reduce delays and improve outcomes. http://ibommedicaljournal.org/index.php/imjhome/article/view/673CryptorchidismUndescended testisOrchidopexyDelayed presentationPaediatric surgeryNigeria |
| spellingShingle | Ituen MA Akpanudo EI Eyo AE Emmanuel EM Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review Ibom Medical Journal Cryptorchidism Undescended testis Orchidopexy Delayed presentation Paediatric surgery Nigeria |
| title | Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review |
| title_full | Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review |
| title_fullStr | Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review |
| title_short | Clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: An 11-year review |
| title_sort | clinical profile and management outcomes of paediatric undescended testes in a nigerian tertiary hospital an 11 year review |
| topic | Cryptorchidism Undescended testis Orchidopexy Delayed presentation Paediatric surgery Nigeria |
| url | http://ibommedicaljournal.org/index.php/imjhome/article/view/673 |
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