Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams

Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA) as a biodegradable thermoplastic material have been expected to replace traditional undegradable plastics. However, PBAT resins are highly flammable and have poor thermal stability and lower compressive strength performance. F...

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Main Authors: Xiansheng Hong, Yunlong Li, Yuying Zheng, Qian Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-04-01
Series:Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504824000484
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author Xiansheng Hong
Yunlong Li
Yuying Zheng
Qian Li
author_facet Xiansheng Hong
Yunlong Li
Yuying Zheng
Qian Li
author_sort Xiansheng Hong
collection DOAJ
description Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA) as a biodegradable thermoplastic material have been expected to replace traditional undegradable plastics. However, PBAT resins are highly flammable and have poor thermal stability and lower compressive strength performance. For enhancing PBAT compressive strength, thermal stability, and flame retardancy performance, polylactic acid (PLA) resin was used to mix with the PBAT matrix. Meanwhile, a biomass additive (PA@CS) was prepared through phytic acid (PA) solution as the grinding medium modifying cellulose (CS) particles by the ball milling process. As the PBAT/10PLA/PA@CS foam presented, PA@CS implanted into pore walls which supported the structure integrity of foams and presented the lowest surface temperature when heating at 170 °C for 180 s. The compressive strength of PBAT/10PLA/PA@CS foam with 5 wt% of PA@CS addition reached 1.05 MPa at 20 % strain. During the combustion process, PA@CS, as flame retardants, demonstrated excellent suppressing heat dispassion and fire-resistance performance. For instance, 5 wt% of PA@CS presented the highest ultimate oxygen index (LOI) (27.9 %), and UL-94 V-0 rating. In detail, 5 wt% of PA@CS also reduced the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) from 851.47 kW m−2 to 524.45 kW m−2 by 38 %, total heat release (THR) from 84.34 MJ m−2 to 66.45 MJ m−2 by 21 %. In this work, PA@CS as an efficient biomass flame retardant provided technical support for the development of high-performance compressive strength, thermal insulation, and flame retardancy PBAT/PLA foams.
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series Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research
spelling doaj-art-b136a18416434544b427d190d0db5d5c2025-08-20T02:24:59ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research2542-50482025-04-018225126310.1016/j.aiepr.2024.12.003Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foamsXiansheng Hong0Yunlong Li1Yuying Zheng2Qian Li3College of Material Science & Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China; Fujian Polytech Normal Univ, Coll Mat & Package Engn, Fuzhou 350000, P.R. ChinaLiming Vocational University, Quanzhou 362000, P.R. China; Corresponding author.College of Material Science & Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China; Corresponding author.College of Material Science & Engineering, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. ChinaPoly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA) as a biodegradable thermoplastic material have been expected to replace traditional undegradable plastics. However, PBAT resins are highly flammable and have poor thermal stability and lower compressive strength performance. For enhancing PBAT compressive strength, thermal stability, and flame retardancy performance, polylactic acid (PLA) resin was used to mix with the PBAT matrix. Meanwhile, a biomass additive (PA@CS) was prepared through phytic acid (PA) solution as the grinding medium modifying cellulose (CS) particles by the ball milling process. As the PBAT/10PLA/PA@CS foam presented, PA@CS implanted into pore walls which supported the structure integrity of foams and presented the lowest surface temperature when heating at 170 °C for 180 s. The compressive strength of PBAT/10PLA/PA@CS foam with 5 wt% of PA@CS addition reached 1.05 MPa at 20 % strain. During the combustion process, PA@CS, as flame retardants, demonstrated excellent suppressing heat dispassion and fire-resistance performance. For instance, 5 wt% of PA@CS presented the highest ultimate oxygen index (LOI) (27.9 %), and UL-94 V-0 rating. In detail, 5 wt% of PA@CS also reduced the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) from 851.47 kW m−2 to 524.45 kW m−2 by 38 %, total heat release (THR) from 84.34 MJ m−2 to 66.45 MJ m−2 by 21 %. In this work, PA@CS as an efficient biomass flame retardant provided technical support for the development of high-performance compressive strength, thermal insulation, and flame retardancy PBAT/PLA foams.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504824000484Supercritical carbon dioxide foamingPBAT foamsPhytic acidCelluloseFlame retardant
spellingShingle Xiansheng Hong
Yunlong Li
Yuying Zheng
Qian Li
Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research
Supercritical carbon dioxide foaming
PBAT foams
Phytic acid
Cellulose
Flame retardant
title Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
title_full Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
title_fullStr Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
title_full_unstemmed Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
title_short Constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire-safe, thermal management, and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate/ polylactic acid foams
title_sort constructing a biomass flame retardant for fire safe thermal management and compressive strength application of polybutylene adipate terephthalate polylactic acid foams
topic Supercritical carbon dioxide foaming
PBAT foams
Phytic acid
Cellulose
Flame retardant
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504824000484
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AT yuyingzheng constructingabiomassflameretardantforfiresafethermalmanagementandcompressivestrengthapplicationofpolybutyleneadipateterephthalatepolylacticacidfoams
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