Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

AIM: To elucidate causal pathways between oxidative biomarkers and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes. METHODS: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analytical protocol was implemented, which utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics derived from the IEU...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Li-Yun Yuan, Wang-Ming Su, Liang-Pin Li, Xiao-Feng Tian, Xue-Li Zheng, Xiao-Yong Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS) 2025-07-01
Series:International Journal of Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/7/20250714.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850115368387870720
author Li-Yun Yuan
Wang-Ming Su
Liang-Pin Li
Xiao-Feng Tian
Xue-Li Zheng
Xiao-Yong Yuan
author_facet Li-Yun Yuan
Wang-Ming Su
Liang-Pin Li
Xiao-Feng Tian
Xue-Li Zheng
Xiao-Yong Yuan
author_sort Li-Yun Yuan
collection DOAJ
description AIM: To elucidate causal pathways between oxidative biomarkers and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes. METHODS: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analytical protocol was implemented, which utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics derived from the IEU OpenGWAS repositories. The investigation focused on 11 oxidative stress markers and AMD phenotypes, encompassing both wet and dry subtypes. The MR methodology incorporated inverse-variance weighted (IVW) calculations, MR-Egger statistical regression, weighted median approximation, and weighted mode assessments to estimate causative relationships. Sensitivity evaluations were conducted to verify result robustness and identify potential pleiotropy. RESULTS: Genetically predicted elevated catalase (CAT) concentrations demonstrated significant associations with heightened risks of overall AMD (IVW OR=1.084, 95%CI: 1.021-1.151, P=0.008) and wet AMD phenotype (IVW OR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.047-1.247, P=0.007). Higher genetically predicted albumin concentrations corresponded with reduced AMD risk (IVW OR=0.827, 95%CI: 0.715-0.957, P=0.013) but increased wet AMD risk (IVW OR=1.229, 95%CI: 1.036-1.458, P=0.018). Reverse MR analysis revealed that genetically predicted dry AMD exhibited significant association with reduced albumin levels (IVW OR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.979-0.996, P=0.004), while wet AMD corresponded with decreased total bilirubin (TBIL) and paraoxonase (PON) activity. CONCLUSION: The results offer strong support for a causal link between markers of oxidative stress and the development of AMD, indicating that oxidative processes play a role in driving the disease progression.
format Article
id doaj-art-b0ff3bbf0d4c4255adc5a9e99d912114
institution OA Journals
issn 2222-3959
2227-4898
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)
record_format Article
series International Journal of Ophthalmology
spelling doaj-art-b0ff3bbf0d4c4255adc5a9e99d9121142025-08-20T02:36:35ZengPress of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)International Journal of Ophthalmology2222-39592227-48982025-07-011871307131610.18240/ijo.2025.07.1420250714Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization studyLi-Yun Yuan0Wang-Ming Su1Liang-Pin Li2Xiao-Feng Tian3Xue-Li Zheng4Xiao-Yong Yuan5Xiao-Yong Yuan. School of Medicine, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300020, China. yuanxy_cn@hotmail.comOphthalmology Department, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan 364000, Fujian Province, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, ChinaAIM: To elucidate causal pathways between oxidative biomarkers and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes. METHODS: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analytical protocol was implemented, which utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics derived from the IEU OpenGWAS repositories. The investigation focused on 11 oxidative stress markers and AMD phenotypes, encompassing both wet and dry subtypes. The MR methodology incorporated inverse-variance weighted (IVW) calculations, MR-Egger statistical regression, weighted median approximation, and weighted mode assessments to estimate causative relationships. Sensitivity evaluations were conducted to verify result robustness and identify potential pleiotropy. RESULTS: Genetically predicted elevated catalase (CAT) concentrations demonstrated significant associations with heightened risks of overall AMD (IVW OR=1.084, 95%CI: 1.021-1.151, P=0.008) and wet AMD phenotype (IVW OR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.047-1.247, P=0.007). Higher genetically predicted albumin concentrations corresponded with reduced AMD risk (IVW OR=0.827, 95%CI: 0.715-0.957, P=0.013) but increased wet AMD risk (IVW OR=1.229, 95%CI: 1.036-1.458, P=0.018). Reverse MR analysis revealed that genetically predicted dry AMD exhibited significant association with reduced albumin levels (IVW OR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.979-0.996, P=0.004), while wet AMD corresponded with decreased total bilirubin (TBIL) and paraoxonase (PON) activity. CONCLUSION: The results offer strong support for a causal link between markers of oxidative stress and the development of AMD, indicating that oxidative processes play a role in driving the disease progression.http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/7/20250714.pdfage-related macular degenerationoxidative stressmendelian randomizationantioxidant therapygenetic epidemiologyretinal degeneration
spellingShingle Li-Yun Yuan
Wang-Ming Su
Liang-Pin Li
Xiao-Feng Tian
Xue-Li Zheng
Xiao-Yong Yuan
Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
International Journal of Ophthalmology
age-related macular degeneration
oxidative stress
mendelian randomization
antioxidant therapy
genetic epidemiology
retinal degeneration
title Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
title_full Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
title_fullStr Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
title_full_unstemmed Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
title_short Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
title_sort causal role of oxidative stress in age related macular degeneration a bidirectional mendelian randomization study
topic age-related macular degeneration
oxidative stress
mendelian randomization
antioxidant therapy
genetic epidemiology
retinal degeneration
url http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/7/20250714.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT liyunyuan causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy
AT wangmingsu causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy
AT liangpinli causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy
AT xiaofengtian causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy
AT xuelizheng causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy
AT xiaoyongyuan causalroleofoxidativestressinagerelatedmaculardegenerationabidirectionalmendelianrandomizationstudy