Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State
Powassan virus (POWV, family Flaviviridae) is a reemerging tick-borne virus endemic in North America and Russia. In 1997, a POWV-like agent was isolated from Ixodes scapularis in New England and determined to be genetically distinct from the original POWV isolate. This revealed the existence of two...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155585 |
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| author | Rachel E. Lange Alan P. Dupuis II Melissa A. Prusinski Joseph G. Maffei Cheri A. Koetzner Kiet Ngo Bryon Backenson JoAnne Oliver Chantal B.F. Vogels Nathan D. Grubaugh Laura D. Kramer Alexander T. Ciota |
| author_facet | Rachel E. Lange Alan P. Dupuis II Melissa A. Prusinski Joseph G. Maffei Cheri A. Koetzner Kiet Ngo Bryon Backenson JoAnne Oliver Chantal B.F. Vogels Nathan D. Grubaugh Laura D. Kramer Alexander T. Ciota |
| author_sort | Rachel E. Lange |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Powassan virus (POWV, family Flaviviridae) is a reemerging tick-borne virus endemic in North America and Russia. In 1997, a POWV-like agent was isolated from Ixodes scapularis in New England and determined to be genetically distinct from the original POWV isolate. This revealed the existence of two lineages: lineage 1, prototype Powassan virus (POWV-1) and lineage 2, deer tick virus (DTV). POWV-1 is thought to be primarily maintained in a cycle between I. cookei and woodchucks and I. marxi and squirrels, while DTV is primarily maintained in a cycle between I. scapularis and small mammal hosts. Recent tick, mammalian, and human isolates from New York State (NYS) have been identified as DTV, but for the first time in 45 years, we detected four POWV-1 isolates, including the first reported isolation of POWV-1 from I. scapularis. We aimed to investigate genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of recent NYS isolates through sequence analysis and evaluation of replication kinetics in vitro and in vivo. Our sequencing revealed genetic divergence between NYS POWV-1 isolates, with two distinct foci. We found that POWV-1 isolates displayed variable replication kinetics in nymphal ticks but not in cell culture. POWV-1 isolated from I. scapularis displayed increased fitness in experimentally infected I. scapularis as compared to historic and recent POWV-1 isolates from I. cookei. These data suggest the emergence of divergent POWV-1 strains in alternate tick hosts and maintenance of genetically and phenotypically discrete POWV-1 foci. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b0e3a4a29e9f4e4bb242376bbeefd55a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-b0e3a4a29e9f4e4bb242376bbeefd55a2025-08-20T01:49:16ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512023-12-0112110.1080/22221751.2022.2155585Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York StateRachel E. Lange0Alan P. Dupuis II1Melissa A. Prusinski2Joseph G. Maffei3Cheri A. Koetzner4Kiet Ngo5Bryon Backenson6JoAnne Oliver7Chantal B.F. Vogels8Nathan D. Grubaugh9Laura D. Kramer10Alexander T. Ciota11Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Vector Ecology Laboratory, Albany, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, The Arbovirus Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Vector Ecology Laboratory, Albany, NY, USANew York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, Syracuse, NY, USADepartment of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USADepartment of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USAPowassan virus (POWV, family Flaviviridae) is a reemerging tick-borne virus endemic in North America and Russia. In 1997, a POWV-like agent was isolated from Ixodes scapularis in New England and determined to be genetically distinct from the original POWV isolate. This revealed the existence of two lineages: lineage 1, prototype Powassan virus (POWV-1) and lineage 2, deer tick virus (DTV). POWV-1 is thought to be primarily maintained in a cycle between I. cookei and woodchucks and I. marxi and squirrels, while DTV is primarily maintained in a cycle between I. scapularis and small mammal hosts. Recent tick, mammalian, and human isolates from New York State (NYS) have been identified as DTV, but for the first time in 45 years, we detected four POWV-1 isolates, including the first reported isolation of POWV-1 from I. scapularis. We aimed to investigate genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of recent NYS isolates through sequence analysis and evaluation of replication kinetics in vitro and in vivo. Our sequencing revealed genetic divergence between NYS POWV-1 isolates, with two distinct foci. We found that POWV-1 isolates displayed variable replication kinetics in nymphal ticks but not in cell culture. POWV-1 isolated from I. scapularis displayed increased fitness in experimentally infected I. scapularis as compared to historic and recent POWV-1 isolates from I. cookei. These data suggest the emergence of divergent POWV-1 strains in alternate tick hosts and maintenance of genetically and phenotypically discrete POWV-1 foci.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155585Powassan virusdeer tick virusNew York Statelineage 1Ixodes scapularis |
| spellingShingle | Rachel E. Lange Alan P. Dupuis II Melissa A. Prusinski Joseph G. Maffei Cheri A. Koetzner Kiet Ngo Bryon Backenson JoAnne Oliver Chantal B.F. Vogels Nathan D. Grubaugh Laura D. Kramer Alexander T. Ciota Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State Emerging Microbes and Infections Powassan virus deer tick virus New York State lineage 1 Ixodes scapularis |
| title | Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State |
| title_full | Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State |
| title_fullStr | Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State |
| title_short | Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State |
| title_sort | identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 powassan virus strains in new york state |
| topic | Powassan virus deer tick virus New York State lineage 1 Ixodes scapularis |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155585 |
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