Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis
BackgroundJapanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute viral disease transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, primarily affecting Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to JE occurrence in pigs across China.MethodsA systematic search was done using six datab...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1534114/full |
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| author | Xue-Tong Liu Li-Dong Jiang Yu-Ting Lin Ran Zhao Qi Wang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Emad Beshir Ata Xin Liu Yuan Wang Zi-Xuan Liu Cui Xu Ying Xiao Yi-Fan Wang Xue Leng Qing-Long Gong Rui Du Rui Du Rui Du |
| author_facet | Xue-Tong Liu Li-Dong Jiang Yu-Ting Lin Ran Zhao Qi Wang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Emad Beshir Ata Xin Liu Yuan Wang Zi-Xuan Liu Cui Xu Ying Xiao Yi-Fan Wang Xue Leng Qing-Long Gong Rui Du Rui Du Rui Du |
| author_sort | Xue-Tong Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundJapanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute viral disease transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, primarily affecting Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to JE occurrence in pigs across China.MethodsA systematic search was done using six databases for the published epidemiological studies on porcine JE, including the Chinese Web of Knowledge (CNKI), Wan Fang Database, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, VIP Chinese Journal Database, and PubMed.ResultsA meta-analysis of 31 studies from 2000 to 2024 found an overall prevalence of 35.2% (95% CI: 25.1–46.1). The highest prevalence occurred between 2010 and 2015 at 53.4% (95% CI: 44.2–80.6), from 2010 to 2015, increased precipitation and favorable annual temperatures led to the proliferation of mosquitoes, causing Japanese Encephalitis outbreaks among swine. While the lowest was 2.5% (95% CI: 0.2–6.6) in temperate climates. Serum samples showed the highest prevalence 38.1% (95% CI: 27.9–48.9), and ELISA testing had a higher detection rate 38.2% (95% CI: 24.5–52.9). In the farming mode subgroup, the highest prevalence was observed in the large-scale farming mode at 40.9% (95% CI: 26.4–66.3).ConclusionThe study highlights the spread of JE across China and suggests that it may be underrecognized in some areas. Continuous monitoring and improvements in farming practices are essential for controlling the disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b09f7294cff94355adf49a20253e2677 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-b09f7294cff94355adf49a20253e26772025-02-07T06:49:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-02-011210.3389/fvets.2025.15341141534114Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysisXue-Tong Liu0Li-Dong Jiang1Yu-Ting Lin2Ran Zhao3Qi Wang4Shu-Ying Zhang5Shu-Ying Zhang6Shu-Ying Zhang7Emad Beshir Ata8Xin Liu9Yuan Wang10Zi-Xuan Liu11Cui Xu12Ying Xiao13Yi-Fan Wang14Xue Leng15Qing-Long Gong16Rui Du17Rui Du18Rui Du19College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaGinseng and Antler Products Testing Center of the Ministry of Agricultural PRC, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaGinseng and Antler Products Testing Center of the Ministry of Agricultural PRC, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaGinseng and Antler Products Testing Center of the Ministry of Agricultural PRC, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, ChinaBackgroundJapanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute viral disease transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, primarily affecting Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to JE occurrence in pigs across China.MethodsA systematic search was done using six databases for the published epidemiological studies on porcine JE, including the Chinese Web of Knowledge (CNKI), Wan Fang Database, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, VIP Chinese Journal Database, and PubMed.ResultsA meta-analysis of 31 studies from 2000 to 2024 found an overall prevalence of 35.2% (95% CI: 25.1–46.1). The highest prevalence occurred between 2010 and 2015 at 53.4% (95% CI: 44.2–80.6), from 2010 to 2015, increased precipitation and favorable annual temperatures led to the proliferation of mosquitoes, causing Japanese Encephalitis outbreaks among swine. While the lowest was 2.5% (95% CI: 0.2–6.6) in temperate climates. Serum samples showed the highest prevalence 38.1% (95% CI: 27.9–48.9), and ELISA testing had a higher detection rate 38.2% (95% CI: 24.5–52.9). In the farming mode subgroup, the highest prevalence was observed in the large-scale farming mode at 40.9% (95% CI: 26.4–66.3).ConclusionThe study highlights the spread of JE across China and suggests that it may be underrecognized in some areas. Continuous monitoring and improvements in farming practices are essential for controlling the disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1534114/fullJapanese encephalitisprevalencepigszoonosismeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Xue-Tong Liu Li-Dong Jiang Yu-Ting Lin Ran Zhao Qi Wang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Shu-Ying Zhang Emad Beshir Ata Xin Liu Yuan Wang Zi-Xuan Liu Cui Xu Ying Xiao Yi-Fan Wang Xue Leng Qing-Long Gong Rui Du Rui Du Rui Du Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis Frontiers in Veterinary Science Japanese encephalitis prevalence pigs zoonosis meta-analysis |
| title | Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000–2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence of japanese encephalitis in pigs in mainland china during 2000 2024 a systemic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Japanese encephalitis prevalence pigs zoonosis meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1534114/full |
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