Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms.
<h4>Background</h4>Bothrops, Crotalus and Lachesis represent the most medically relevant genera of pitvipers in Central and South America. Similarity in venom phenotype and physiopathological profile of envenomings caused by the four nominal Lachesis species led us to hypothesize that an...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-08-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005793&type=printable |
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| author | Marvin Madrigal Davinia Pla Libia Sanz Elexandra Barboza Cynthia Arroyo-Portilla Carlos Corrêa-Netto José María Gutiérrez Alberto Alape-Girón Marietta Flores-Díaz Juan J Calvete |
| author_facet | Marvin Madrigal Davinia Pla Libia Sanz Elexandra Barboza Cynthia Arroyo-Portilla Carlos Corrêa-Netto José María Gutiérrez Alberto Alape-Girón Marietta Flores-Díaz Juan J Calvete |
| author_sort | Marvin Madrigal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Bothrops, Crotalus and Lachesis represent the most medically relevant genera of pitvipers in Central and South America. Similarity in venom phenotype and physiopathological profile of envenomings caused by the four nominal Lachesis species led us to hypothesize that an antivenom prepared against venom from any of them may exhibit paraspecificity against all the other congeneric taxa.<h4>Methods</h4>To assess this hypothesis, in this work we have applied antivenomics and immunochemical methods to investigate the immunoreactivity of three monovalent antivenoms and two polyvalent antivenoms towards the venoms from different geographic populations of three different Lachesis species. The ability of the antivenoms to neutralize the proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, and lethal activities of the seven Lachesis venoms was also investigated.<h4>Results</h4>A conspicuous pattern of immunorecognition and cross-neutralization for all effects was evident by the polyspecific antivenoms, indicating large immunoreactive epitope conservation across the genus during more than 10 million years since the Central and South American bushmasters diverged.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite the broad geographic distribution of Lachesis, antivenoms against venoms of different species are effective in the neutralization of congeneric venoms not used in the immunization mixture, indicating that they can be used equivalently for the clinical treatment of any lachesic envenoming.<h4>General significance</h4>This study demonstrates that antivenoms raised against venom of different Lachesis species are indistinctly effective in the neutralization of congeneric venoms not used in the immunization mixture, indicating that antivenoms against conspecific venoms may be used equivalently for the clinical treatment of envenomings caused by any bushmaster species. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b09a8fbc79c04836a244055454339bcb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-b09a8fbc79c04836a244055454339bcb2025-08-20T02:45:30ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352017-08-01118e000579310.1371/journal.pntd.0005793Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms.Marvin MadrigalDavinia PlaLibia SanzElexandra BarbozaCynthia Arroyo-PortillaCarlos Corrêa-NettoJosé María GutiérrezAlberto Alape-GirónMarietta Flores-DíazJuan J Calvete<h4>Background</h4>Bothrops, Crotalus and Lachesis represent the most medically relevant genera of pitvipers in Central and South America. Similarity in venom phenotype and physiopathological profile of envenomings caused by the four nominal Lachesis species led us to hypothesize that an antivenom prepared against venom from any of them may exhibit paraspecificity against all the other congeneric taxa.<h4>Methods</h4>To assess this hypothesis, in this work we have applied antivenomics and immunochemical methods to investigate the immunoreactivity of three monovalent antivenoms and two polyvalent antivenoms towards the venoms from different geographic populations of three different Lachesis species. The ability of the antivenoms to neutralize the proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, and lethal activities of the seven Lachesis venoms was also investigated.<h4>Results</h4>A conspicuous pattern of immunorecognition and cross-neutralization for all effects was evident by the polyspecific antivenoms, indicating large immunoreactive epitope conservation across the genus during more than 10 million years since the Central and South American bushmasters diverged.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Despite the broad geographic distribution of Lachesis, antivenoms against venoms of different species are effective in the neutralization of congeneric venoms not used in the immunization mixture, indicating that they can be used equivalently for the clinical treatment of any lachesic envenoming.<h4>General significance</h4>This study demonstrates that antivenoms raised against venom of different Lachesis species are indistinctly effective in the neutralization of congeneric venoms not used in the immunization mixture, indicating that antivenoms against conspecific venoms may be used equivalently for the clinical treatment of envenomings caused by any bushmaster species.https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005793&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Marvin Madrigal Davinia Pla Libia Sanz Elexandra Barboza Cynthia Arroyo-Portilla Carlos Corrêa-Netto José María Gutiérrez Alberto Alape-Girón Marietta Flores-Díaz Juan J Calvete Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. |
| title_full | Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. |
| title_fullStr | Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. |
| title_short | Cross-reactivity, antivenomics, and neutralization of toxic activities of Lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms. |
| title_sort | cross reactivity antivenomics and neutralization of toxic activities of lachesis venoms by polyspecific and monospecific antivenoms |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005793&type=printable |
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