Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation
Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population, and optimizing water and nitrogen (N) management is crucial for sustainable rice production. This study investigated the water uptake patterns, agronomic traits, and quality indicators of two rice varieties (Yanfeng 47, high N effici...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Agricultural Water Management |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377424005882 |
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| author | Linlin Jiang Bin Yang Fan Zhao Jie Pan Zhenjie Chen Junen Wu |
| author_facet | Linlin Jiang Bin Yang Fan Zhao Jie Pan Zhenjie Chen Junen Wu |
| author_sort | Linlin Jiang |
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| description | Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population, and optimizing water and nitrogen (N) management is crucial for sustainable rice production. This study investigated the water uptake patterns, agronomic traits, and quality indicators of two rice varieties (Yanfeng 47, high N efficiency and Yanggengnuo 66, low N efficiency) under four N fertilizer treatments via a split-plot design at Shenyang Agricultural University’s Rice Research Institute Experimental Base in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China. Stable isotope analysis and modeling approaches were used to quantify the proportional contributions of various water sources to rice water uptake, considering both isotope discrimination and memory effects. Both N levels and genetic differences significantly influenced rice water uptake behavior, primarily through the functional characteristics of the root system. The high-efficiency variety presented a well-developed root system with a stable water uptake pattern, whereas the low-efficiency variety presented relatively greater root plasticity and N sensitivity. The presence of a memory effect suggests that rice water uptake could be more dependent on both the current and past water status, not simply the current external water conditions. After the memory effect was corrected, irrigation water was the dominant water source for rice, followed by soil water and rainwater. Agronomic traits and quality indicators were also differentially sensitive to variety and N treatments. Root traits were differentially influenced by N level and variety, with less efficient varieties showing greater sensitivity. In addition to root traits, leaf length, plant height and panicle traits were greater in the low-efficiency variety. N application generally increased yield, but excessive N negatively affected yield, especially in high-efficiency varieties. Our findings contribute to the understanding of waternitrogen interactions in rice and emphasize the importance of the process-based water use efficiency of individual varieties and variety-specific management in the future for more efficient use of nutrients for growing rice with high yield and quality. This study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms responsible for varietal sensitivity to water and N and provides opportunities for optimizing proper management with precision. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b0881ad0f26749b28beb1fb7682692ad |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1873-2283 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agricultural Water Management |
| spelling | doaj-art-b0881ad0f26749b28beb1fb7682692ad2025-01-07T04:16:54ZengElsevierAgricultural Water Management1873-22832025-02-01307109252Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivationLinlin Jiang0Bin Yang1Fan Zhao2Jie Pan3Zhenjie Chen4Junen Wu5Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Genetic Breeding in Northeast China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas), Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan 666303, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650050, ChinaRice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan 666303, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan 666303, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650050, China; GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650050, China.Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population, and optimizing water and nitrogen (N) management is crucial for sustainable rice production. This study investigated the water uptake patterns, agronomic traits, and quality indicators of two rice varieties (Yanfeng 47, high N efficiency and Yanggengnuo 66, low N efficiency) under four N fertilizer treatments via a split-plot design at Shenyang Agricultural University’s Rice Research Institute Experimental Base in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China. Stable isotope analysis and modeling approaches were used to quantify the proportional contributions of various water sources to rice water uptake, considering both isotope discrimination and memory effects. Both N levels and genetic differences significantly influenced rice water uptake behavior, primarily through the functional characteristics of the root system. The high-efficiency variety presented a well-developed root system with a stable water uptake pattern, whereas the low-efficiency variety presented relatively greater root plasticity and N sensitivity. The presence of a memory effect suggests that rice water uptake could be more dependent on both the current and past water status, not simply the current external water conditions. After the memory effect was corrected, irrigation water was the dominant water source for rice, followed by soil water and rainwater. Agronomic traits and quality indicators were also differentially sensitive to variety and N treatments. Root traits were differentially influenced by N level and variety, with less efficient varieties showing greater sensitivity. In addition to root traits, leaf length, plant height and panicle traits were greater in the low-efficiency variety. N application generally increased yield, but excessive N negatively affected yield, especially in high-efficiency varieties. Our findings contribute to the understanding of waternitrogen interactions in rice and emphasize the importance of the process-based water use efficiency of individual varieties and variety-specific management in the future for more efficient use of nutrients for growing rice with high yield and quality. This study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms responsible for varietal sensitivity to water and N and provides opportunities for optimizing proper management with precision.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377424005882Stable isotopesWater uptake patternsRoot characteristicsAgronomic traitsQuality indicatorsVariety-specific management |
| spellingShingle | Linlin Jiang Bin Yang Fan Zhao Jie Pan Zhenjie Chen Junen Wu Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation Agricultural Water Management Stable isotopes Water uptake patterns Root characteristics Agronomic traits Quality indicators Variety-specific management |
| title | Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| title_full | Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| title_fullStr | Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| title_short | Illuminating the dynamic water–nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| title_sort | illuminating the dynamic water nitrogen relationship in rice via stable isotope techniques to improve cultivation |
| topic | Stable isotopes Water uptake patterns Root characteristics Agronomic traits Quality indicators Variety-specific management |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377424005882 |
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