A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)

<i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae) is traditionally used for a range of purposes, including ethnoveterinary medicine and to treat various human ailments such as tuberculosis, inflammatory diseases, and bacterial and fungal infections. This review aims to comprehensive...

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Main Authors: Ntanganedzeni Makumbane, Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng, Edward Thato Khunoana, Thanyani Emelton Ramadwa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Plants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1746
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author Ntanganedzeni Makumbane
Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng
Edward Thato Khunoana
Thanyani Emelton Ramadwa
author_facet Ntanganedzeni Makumbane
Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng
Edward Thato Khunoana
Thanyani Emelton Ramadwa
author_sort Ntanganedzeni Makumbane
collection DOAJ
description <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae) is traditionally used for a range of purposes, including ethnoveterinary medicine and to treat various human ailments such as tuberculosis, inflammatory diseases, and bacterial and fungal infections. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the traditional uses, phytochemistry, toxicology, in silico, and pharmacological activities of <i>P. obliquum</i> and discuss the advances made to date. The phytochemistry of <i>P. obliquum</i> revealed the abundance of secondary metabolites such as coumarins and chromones, essential oils, and several other classes of bioactive compounds. A total of 80 secondary metabolites have been reported from this plant species. In vitro studies on <i>P. obliquum</i> explored its therapeutic potential and reported pharmacological properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antimycobacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities. This review highlights the diversity of the medicinal use of <i>P. obliquum</i> and encourages its preservation. Future research should focus on the efficacy of <i>P. obliquum’s</i> most promising bioactive compounds, and the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) pharmacological activities may help determine therapeutic potential in in vivo animal models and validate the wide range of traditional uses of <i>P. obliquum</i>.
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spelling doaj-art-b084327bcfcb43bf833038e7641b8e2b2025-08-20T03:16:36ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011412174610.3390/plants14121746A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)Ntanganedzeni Makumbane0Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng1Edward Thato Khunoana2Thanyani Emelton Ramadwa3Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South AfricaDepartment of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South AfricaDepartment of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South AfricaDepartment of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa<i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae) is traditionally used for a range of purposes, including ethnoveterinary medicine and to treat various human ailments such as tuberculosis, inflammatory diseases, and bacterial and fungal infections. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the traditional uses, phytochemistry, toxicology, in silico, and pharmacological activities of <i>P. obliquum</i> and discuss the advances made to date. The phytochemistry of <i>P. obliquum</i> revealed the abundance of secondary metabolites such as coumarins and chromones, essential oils, and several other classes of bioactive compounds. A total of 80 secondary metabolites have been reported from this plant species. In vitro studies on <i>P. obliquum</i> explored its therapeutic potential and reported pharmacological properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antimycobacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities. This review highlights the diversity of the medicinal use of <i>P. obliquum</i> and encourages its preservation. Future research should focus on the efficacy of <i>P. obliquum’s</i> most promising bioactive compounds, and the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) pharmacological activities may help determine therapeutic potential in in vivo animal models and validate the wide range of traditional uses of <i>P. obliquum</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1746<i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i>phytochemistrypharmacologyethnomedicinetoxicologyobliquumol
spellingShingle Ntanganedzeni Makumbane
Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng
Edward Thato Khunoana
Thanyani Emelton Ramadwa
A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
Plants
<i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i>
phytochemistry
pharmacology
ethnomedicine
toxicology
obliquumol
title A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
title_full A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
title_fullStr A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
title_full_unstemmed A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
title_short A Review of the Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Studies on <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i> (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae)
title_sort review of the ethnomedicine phytochemistry pharmacology and toxicological studies on i ptaeroxylon obliquum i thunb radlk rutaceae
topic <i>Ptaeroxylon obliquum</i>
phytochemistry
pharmacology
ethnomedicine
toxicology
obliquumol
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1746
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