Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>)
Carnosine is a natural dipeptide made up of L-histidine and β-alanine which is rich in muscle tissues and has multiple physiological functions. The current research aimed to investigate the effects of varied carnosine concentrations in low-fishmeal feed on the growth, muscle antioxidant capacity and...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Dong Li Weijun Chen Yanxia Yin Lulu Yang Mingfan Chen Yunzhang Sun Jidan Ye |
| author_facet | Dong Li Weijun Chen Yanxia Yin Lulu Yang Mingfan Chen Yunzhang Sun Jidan Ye |
| author_sort | Dong Li |
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| description | Carnosine is a natural dipeptide made up of L-histidine and β-alanine which is rich in muscle tissues and has multiple physiological functions. The current research aimed to investigate the effects of varied carnosine concentrations in low-fishmeal feed on the growth, muscle antioxidant capacity and flesh quality of orange-spotted grouper. Carnosine was supplemented at doses of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg in low-fishmeal feed. Seven groups with three tanks of fish (11.4 ± 0.1 g/fish) were allotted one of the diets during the 8-week feeding trial. The growth rate, body protein content, muscle activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and muscle adhesiveness showed positive linear response and/or an open upward parabola with increasing carnosine concentrations, with a peak at 160 mg/kg of carnosine. Feed utilization, serum total protein content, gut trypsin activity, muscle glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, muscle hardness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience followed the same pattern as the growth rate, reaching a peak at 320 mg/kg of carnosine; while the opposite trend was observed, reaching a minimum at 320 mg/kg for muscle malondialdehyde and 160 mg/kg for muscle liquid and water loss. The results indicated that appropriate carnosine addition could improve growth performance, muscle antioxidant capacity and flesh quality of grouper. The suitable inclusion concentration was estimated to be 195.14 mg/kg to achieve the best percent weight gain. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b0724e348a4f470a9e940f1ca869f342 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b0724e348a4f470a9e940f1ca869f3422025-08-20T02:28:05ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882024-11-0191146710.3390/fishes9110467Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>)Dong Li0Weijun Chen1Yanxia Yin2Lulu Yang3Mingfan Chen4Yunzhang Sun5Jidan Ye6Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaXiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaCarnosine is a natural dipeptide made up of L-histidine and β-alanine which is rich in muscle tissues and has multiple physiological functions. The current research aimed to investigate the effects of varied carnosine concentrations in low-fishmeal feed on the growth, muscle antioxidant capacity and flesh quality of orange-spotted grouper. Carnosine was supplemented at doses of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg in low-fishmeal feed. Seven groups with three tanks of fish (11.4 ± 0.1 g/fish) were allotted one of the diets during the 8-week feeding trial. The growth rate, body protein content, muscle activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and muscle adhesiveness showed positive linear response and/or an open upward parabola with increasing carnosine concentrations, with a peak at 160 mg/kg of carnosine. Feed utilization, serum total protein content, gut trypsin activity, muscle glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, muscle hardness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience followed the same pattern as the growth rate, reaching a peak at 320 mg/kg of carnosine; while the opposite trend was observed, reaching a minimum at 320 mg/kg for muscle malondialdehyde and 160 mg/kg for muscle liquid and water loss. The results indicated that appropriate carnosine addition could improve growth performance, muscle antioxidant capacity and flesh quality of grouper. The suitable inclusion concentration was estimated to be 195.14 mg/kg to achieve the best percent weight gain.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/11/467carnosine<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>growth performancemuscle antioxidant capacityflesh quality |
| spellingShingle | Dong Li Weijun Chen Yanxia Yin Lulu Yang Mingfan Chen Yunzhang Sun Jidan Ye Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) Fishes carnosine <i>Epinephelus coioides</i> growth performance muscle antioxidant capacity flesh quality |
| title | Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) |
| title_full | Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) |
| title_short | Effects of Carnosine Addition in Low-Fishmeal Feed on the Growth Performance, Muscle Antioxidant Capacity and Flesh Quality of Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i>) |
| title_sort | effects of carnosine addition in low fishmeal feed on the growth performance muscle antioxidant capacity and flesh quality of orange spotted grouper i epinephelus coioides i |
| topic | carnosine <i>Epinephelus coioides</i> growth performance muscle antioxidant capacity flesh quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/11/467 |
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