Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract Tobacco is one of the important commercial crops in India. The operations in the cultivation of tobacco crop are different from other crops, performed in odd postures with a potential risk of musculoskeletal disorders and nicotine absorption. The present study aims to find the Musculoskelet...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Achugatla Kesav Kumar, Adarsh Kumar, Hari Lal Kushwaha, V. Ramasubramanian, Anilendu Pramanik, B. S. Madhusudan, Mude Arjun Naik, Rachamalla Naveen, Awani Kumar Singh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08587-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849768834453471232
author Achugatla Kesav Kumar
Adarsh Kumar
Hari Lal Kushwaha
V. Ramasubramanian
Anilendu Pramanik
B. S. Madhusudan
Mude Arjun Naik
Rachamalla Naveen
Awani Kumar Singh
author_facet Achugatla Kesav Kumar
Adarsh Kumar
Hari Lal Kushwaha
V. Ramasubramanian
Anilendu Pramanik
B. S. Madhusudan
Mude Arjun Naik
Rachamalla Naveen
Awani Kumar Singh
author_sort Achugatla Kesav Kumar
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Tobacco is one of the important commercial crops in India. The operations in the cultivation of tobacco crop are different from other crops, performed in odd postures with a potential risk of musculoskeletal disorders and nicotine absorption. The present study aims to find the Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) of tobacco farmworkers by conducting a survey and postural analysis during tobacco cultivation. The prevalence of MSD was assessed by surveying 120 tobacco farm workers in southern India (Andhra Pradesh). The data was collected through personal interviews with the help of a developed survey proforma based on the Standard Nordic Questionnaire. The postural stresses were assessed by “Rapid Entire Body Assessment” (REBA), “Body part discomfort Score” (BPDS), and “Overall Discomfort Score” (ODS) techniques. MSD affecting body parts was highest in one or both knees (47%), followed by one or both ankles/feet (43%), shoulders and neck (37%), wrist/hands (27%), lower back (24%), one or both hips/thighs/buttocks (19%) and upper back (10%). REBA scores for transplanting, weeding and harvesting tobacco leaves were 8.0, 8.16, and 8.2 in the “High risk” category requiring “investigation and implement change”. BPDS and ODS were highest in the harvesting of tobacco leaves (50.25 and 3.90), followed by the transplanting of seedlings (39.5 and 3.82) and weeding (40.20 and 2.87) respectively. Postural analysis inferred a higher risk in transplanting seedlings, harvesting tobacco leaves and weeding. Most of the postures adopted had high REBA, BPDS and ODS scores.
format Article
id doaj-art-b004975a49ea4ea38b58c3ded96f6324
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-b004975a49ea4ea38b58c3ded96f63242025-08-20T03:03:40ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-08587-xMitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, IndiaAchugatla Kesav Kumar0Adarsh Kumar1Hari Lal Kushwaha2V. Ramasubramanian3Anilendu Pramanik4B. S. Madhusudan5Mude Arjun Naik6Rachamalla Naveen7Awani Kumar Singh8Polytechnic of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS)Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research ManagementDivision of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Guru Nanak Dev University Department of Agricultural Engineering, REVA UniversityDivision of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)Abstract Tobacco is one of the important commercial crops in India. The operations in the cultivation of tobacco crop are different from other crops, performed in odd postures with a potential risk of musculoskeletal disorders and nicotine absorption. The present study aims to find the Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) of tobacco farmworkers by conducting a survey and postural analysis during tobacco cultivation. The prevalence of MSD was assessed by surveying 120 tobacco farm workers in southern India (Andhra Pradesh). The data was collected through personal interviews with the help of a developed survey proforma based on the Standard Nordic Questionnaire. The postural stresses were assessed by “Rapid Entire Body Assessment” (REBA), “Body part discomfort Score” (BPDS), and “Overall Discomfort Score” (ODS) techniques. MSD affecting body parts was highest in one or both knees (47%), followed by one or both ankles/feet (43%), shoulders and neck (37%), wrist/hands (27%), lower back (24%), one or both hips/thighs/buttocks (19%) and upper back (10%). REBA scores for transplanting, weeding and harvesting tobacco leaves were 8.0, 8.16, and 8.2 in the “High risk” category requiring “investigation and implement change”. BPDS and ODS were highest in the harvesting of tobacco leaves (50.25 and 3.90), followed by the transplanting of seedlings (39.5 and 3.82) and weeding (40.20 and 2.87) respectively. Postural analysis inferred a higher risk in transplanting seedlings, harvesting tobacco leaves and weeding. Most of the postures adopted had high REBA, BPDS and ODS scores.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08587-xTobacco farm operationsTobacco farm workersMSDREBA
spellingShingle Achugatla Kesav Kumar
Adarsh Kumar
Hari Lal Kushwaha
V. Ramasubramanian
Anilendu Pramanik
B. S. Madhusudan
Mude Arjun Naik
Rachamalla Naveen
Awani Kumar Singh
Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
Scientific Reports
Tobacco farm operations
Tobacco farm workers
MSD
REBA
title Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
title_full Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
title_fullStr Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
title_full_unstemmed Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
title_short Mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
title_sort mitigation of musculoskeletal disorders and postural stresses among tobacco cultivation workers in andhra pradesh india
topic Tobacco farm operations
Tobacco farm workers
MSD
REBA
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08587-x
work_keys_str_mv AT achugatlakesavkumar mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT adarshkumar mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT harilalkushwaha mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT vramasubramanian mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT anilendupramanik mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT bsmadhusudan mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT mudearjunnaik mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT rachamallanaveen mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia
AT awanikumarsingh mitigationofmusculoskeletaldisordersandposturalstressesamongtobaccocultivationworkersinandhrapradeshindia