A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera

Abstract Novel approaches for producing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), which are widely used in biomedicine, biotechnology, and agriculture, are of considerable importance. This study highlights a simple and cost-effective biological method for the synthesis of Ag-NPs using the leaf extract of the h...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anush Aghajanyan, Marina Timotina, Tatevik Manutsyan, Ani Harutyunyan, Mikayel Ginovyan, Robin Schubert, Sofiya Aydinyan, Karen Trchounian, Lilit Gabrielyan, Liana Gabrielyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01023-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849326731446452224
author Anush Aghajanyan
Marina Timotina
Tatevik Manutsyan
Ani Harutyunyan
Mikayel Ginovyan
Robin Schubert
Sofiya Aydinyan
Karen Trchounian
Lilit Gabrielyan
Liana Gabrielyan
author_facet Anush Aghajanyan
Marina Timotina
Tatevik Manutsyan
Ani Harutyunyan
Mikayel Ginovyan
Robin Schubert
Sofiya Aydinyan
Karen Trchounian
Lilit Gabrielyan
Liana Gabrielyan
author_sort Anush Aghajanyan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Novel approaches for producing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), which are widely used in biomedicine, biotechnology, and agriculture, are of considerable importance. This study highlights a simple and cost-effective biological method for the synthesis of Ag-NPs using the leaf extract of the hydroponically cultivated Moringa oleifera (MOAg-NPs), alongside the analysis of the biosynthesized NPs. One of the advantages of hydroponic cultivation over traditional soil-based methods is that plants are cleaner since they are not in contact with soil and can be cultivated with fewer chemical inputs. For characterization of the biosynthesized MOAg-NPs various methods have been used, such as UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV-Vis analysis revealed a prominent peak at 465 nm, indicating the synthesis of MOAg-NPs. TEM analysis demonstrated a spherical shape of MOAg-NPs with an average diameter of 10.0 ± 6.0 nm. The XRD pattern displayed Ag peaks at 2θ values corresponding to (111), (200), (220) and (311) reflections. The antibacterial efficacy of MOAg-NPs was assessed against Gram-positive (Enterococcus hirae, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), revealing their antibacterial potential at low concentrations. The general inhibitory mechanism of MOAg-NPs focuses on the energy-dependent total and N, N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-sensitive H+-fluxes across the bacterial membrane. Moreover, the application of MOAg-NPs resulted in substantial inhibition of HeLa cells growth. Thus, Ag-NPs synthesized using hydroponically grown M. oleifera leaf extract exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cells and antibacterial properties, highlighting their potential use in biomedicine.
format Article
id doaj-art-afe8a1ecf3254c42b687f1ef5ab67df8
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-afe8a1ecf3254c42b687f1ef5ab67df82025-08-20T03:48:05ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111810.1038/s41598-025-01023-0A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleiferaAnush Aghajanyan0Marina Timotina1Tatevik Manutsyan2Ani Harutyunyan3Mikayel Ginovyan4Robin Schubert5Sofiya Aydinyan6Karen Trchounian7Lilit Gabrielyan8Liana Gabrielyan9Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Russian-Armenian UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityResearch Institute of Biology, Yerevan State UniversityEuropean X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbHTallinn University of TechnologyDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityDepartment of Physical and Colloids Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, Yerevan State UniversityAbstract Novel approaches for producing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), which are widely used in biomedicine, biotechnology, and agriculture, are of considerable importance. This study highlights a simple and cost-effective biological method for the synthesis of Ag-NPs using the leaf extract of the hydroponically cultivated Moringa oleifera (MOAg-NPs), alongside the analysis of the biosynthesized NPs. One of the advantages of hydroponic cultivation over traditional soil-based methods is that plants are cleaner since they are not in contact with soil and can be cultivated with fewer chemical inputs. For characterization of the biosynthesized MOAg-NPs various methods have been used, such as UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV-Vis analysis revealed a prominent peak at 465 nm, indicating the synthesis of MOAg-NPs. TEM analysis demonstrated a spherical shape of MOAg-NPs with an average diameter of 10.0 ± 6.0 nm. The XRD pattern displayed Ag peaks at 2θ values corresponding to (111), (200), (220) and (311) reflections. The antibacterial efficacy of MOAg-NPs was assessed against Gram-positive (Enterococcus hirae, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), revealing their antibacterial potential at low concentrations. The general inhibitory mechanism of MOAg-NPs focuses on the energy-dependent total and N, N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-sensitive H+-fluxes across the bacterial membrane. Moreover, the application of MOAg-NPs resulted in substantial inhibition of HeLa cells growth. Thus, Ag-NPs synthesized using hydroponically grown M. oleifera leaf extract exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cells and antibacterial properties, highlighting their potential use in biomedicine.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01023-0Moringa oleifera (Lam.)Silver nanoparticlesGreen synthesisAntibacterial activityATPase activityCytotoxicity
spellingShingle Anush Aghajanyan
Marina Timotina
Tatevik Manutsyan
Ani Harutyunyan
Mikayel Ginovyan
Robin Schubert
Sofiya Aydinyan
Karen Trchounian
Lilit Gabrielyan
Liana Gabrielyan
A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
Scientific Reports
Moringa oleifera (Lam.)
Silver nanoparticles
Green synthesis
Antibacterial activity
ATPase activity
Cytotoxicity
title A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
title_full A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
title_fullStr A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
title_full_unstemmed A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
title_short A novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown Moringa oleifera
title_sort novel approach for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities using the leaf extract of hydroponically grown moringa oleifera
topic Moringa oleifera (Lam.)
Silver nanoparticles
Green synthesis
Antibacterial activity
ATPase activity
Cytotoxicity
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01023-0
work_keys_str_mv AT anushaghajanyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT marinatimotina anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT tatevikmanutsyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT aniharutyunyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT mikayelginovyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT robinschubert anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT sofiyaaydinyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT karentrchounian anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT lilitgabrielyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT lianagabrielyan anovelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT anushaghajanyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT marinatimotina novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT tatevikmanutsyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT aniharutyunyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT mikayelginovyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT robinschubert novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT sofiyaaydinyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT karentrchounian novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT lilitgabrielyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera
AT lianagabrielyan novelapproachforsynthesizingsilvernanoparticleswithantibacterialandcytotoxicactivitiesusingtheleafextractofhydroponicallygrownmoringaoleifera