Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a metabolite derived from microbial tryptophan metabolism, plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal homeostasis. However, the influence and potential applications of IAA in the context of animal pathogen infections remain underexplored. This study investigates the pr...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Yuxin Fan Qinglong Song Siyu Li Jiayu Tu Fengjuan Yang Xiangfang Zeng Haitao Yu Shiyan Qiao Gang Wang |
| author_facet | Yuxin Fan Qinglong Song Siyu Li Jiayu Tu Fengjuan Yang Xiangfang Zeng Haitao Yu Shiyan Qiao Gang Wang |
| author_sort | Yuxin Fan |
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| description | Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a metabolite derived from microbial tryptophan metabolism, plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal homeostasis. However, the influence and potential applications of IAA in the context of animal pathogen infections remain underexplored. This study investigates the prophylactic effects of IAA pretreatment against <i>Salmonella</i> typhimurium (ST) SL1344 infection, focusing on its ability to attenuate inflammatory responses, enhance intestinal barrier integrity, inhibit bacterial colonization, and restore colonic microbiota dysbiosis. The results demonstrated that IAA ameliorated the clinical symptoms in mice, as evidenced by reduced weight loss and histopathological damage. Furthermore, IAA inhibited the inflammatory response by downregulating the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines <i>IL-17A</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>IL-1β</i>, and <i>IL-6</i> in colon, ileum, and liver. IAA also preserved the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier and promoted the expression of tight junction proteins. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant alterations in intestinal microbiota structure induced by ST infection following IAA treatment. Notable changes in β diversity and species richness were characterized by the enrichment of beneficial bacteria including Bacteroideaceae, Spirillaceae, and Bacillus. The proliferation of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> subspecies <i>enterica</i> serovar Typhi was significantly inhibited, thereby enhancing the intestinal health of the host. In summary, the oral administration of IAA contributes to the alleviation of inflammation, restoration of the intestinal barrier, and correction of colonic microbiota disturbance in mice challenged with ST. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-af98833c9cba426bb6af7e25cbc6ecc5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-af98833c9cba426bb6af7e25cbc6ecc52025-08-20T02:48:06ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211234210.3390/microorganisms12112342Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota RestorationYuxin Fan0Qinglong Song1Siyu Li2Jiayu Tu3Fengjuan Yang4Xiangfang Zeng5Haitao Yu6Shiyan Qiao7Gang Wang8State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaFrontier Technology Research Institute of China Agricultural University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaIndole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a metabolite derived from microbial tryptophan metabolism, plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal homeostasis. However, the influence and potential applications of IAA in the context of animal pathogen infections remain underexplored. This study investigates the prophylactic effects of IAA pretreatment against <i>Salmonella</i> typhimurium (ST) SL1344 infection, focusing on its ability to attenuate inflammatory responses, enhance intestinal barrier integrity, inhibit bacterial colonization, and restore colonic microbiota dysbiosis. The results demonstrated that IAA ameliorated the clinical symptoms in mice, as evidenced by reduced weight loss and histopathological damage. Furthermore, IAA inhibited the inflammatory response by downregulating the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines <i>IL-17A</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>IL-1β</i>, and <i>IL-6</i> in colon, ileum, and liver. IAA also preserved the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier and promoted the expression of tight junction proteins. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant alterations in intestinal microbiota structure induced by ST infection following IAA treatment. Notable changes in β diversity and species richness were characterized by the enrichment of beneficial bacteria including Bacteroideaceae, Spirillaceae, and Bacillus. The proliferation of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> subspecies <i>enterica</i> serovar Typhi was significantly inhibited, thereby enhancing the intestinal health of the host. In summary, the oral administration of IAA contributes to the alleviation of inflammation, restoration of the intestinal barrier, and correction of colonic microbiota disturbance in mice challenged with ST.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2342indole-3-acetic acid<i>Salmonella</i> typhimuriumintestinal barriercolonic microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Yuxin Fan Qinglong Song Siyu Li Jiayu Tu Fengjuan Yang Xiangfang Zeng Haitao Yu Shiyan Qiao Gang Wang Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration Microorganisms indole-3-acetic acid <i>Salmonella</i> typhimurium intestinal barrier colonic microbiota |
| title | Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration |
| title_full | Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration |
| title_fullStr | Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration |
| title_short | Protective Role of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Inflammation Moderation and Intestinal Microbiota Restoration |
| title_sort | protective role of indole 3 acetic acid against i salmonella i typhimurium inflammation moderation and intestinal microbiota restoration |
| topic | indole-3-acetic acid <i>Salmonella</i> typhimurium intestinal barrier colonic microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2342 |
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