The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundChronic diseases have emerged as a significant public health challenge, impacting the well-being of the Chinese populace, despite scant research exploring the influence of dietary factors on these conditions. This article aimed to investigate the dietary patterns of adult residents in Shan...

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Main Authors: Xi Wu, Jianwei Liu, Xinyue Li, Wanxin Zhang, Yong Yang, Jiazi Ma, Mao Cao, Mengjie Cheng, Guangjian Wu, Haidi Xiu, Zhongjun Du
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1629284/full
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author Xi Wu
Jianwei Liu
Xinyue Li
Wanxin Zhang
Yong Yang
Jiazi Ma
Mao Cao
Mengjie Cheng
Guangjian Wu
Haidi Xiu
Zhongjun Du
author_facet Xi Wu
Jianwei Liu
Xinyue Li
Wanxin Zhang
Yong Yang
Jiazi Ma
Mao Cao
Mengjie Cheng
Guangjian Wu
Haidi Xiu
Zhongjun Du
author_sort Xi Wu
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundChronic diseases have emerged as a significant public health challenge, impacting the well-being of the Chinese populace, despite scant research exploring the influence of dietary factors on these conditions. This article aimed to investigate the dietary patterns of adult residents in Shandong Province, China, and explore the relationship between these dietary patterns and common chronic diseases.MethodsWe used data from the Total Diet Study of the Population of Shandong Province in China between 2015 and 2016. After further screening, a total of 2,828 adult residents with complete dietary and chronic disease prevalence information were included in this study. Food frequency questionnaires were used to ascertain dietary consumption. Dietary patterns were derived through factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of common chronic diseases, while adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: dietary pattern 1 (characterized by high intake of grains and tubers, vegetables, fruits, eggs, meat, nuts, and legumes); dietary pattern 2 (with high consumption of edible fungi and algae, legumes, snacks, aquatic products, and vegetables, but low in eggs); and dietary pattern 3 (high in dairy, beverages, and snacks). Notably, dietary pattern 2 was associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, even after adjusting for potential confounders [odds ratio (OR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.08-0.79, P < 0.05]. A higher incidence of dyslipidemia was significantly correlated with dietary pattern 3 (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.13–4.78, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that adherence to specific dietary patterns can influence the risk of dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease. Higher adherence to dietary pattern 3 was linked to a higher risk of dyslipidemia, while dietary pattern 2 helped reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
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spelling doaj-art-af92f9d111c84c53ba0eb072a15adee42025-08-26T04:12:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-08-011310.3389/fpubh.2025.16292841629284The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional studyXi Wu0Jianwei Liu1Xinyue Li2Wanxin Zhang3Yong Yang4Jiazi Ma5Mao Cao6Mengjie Cheng7Guangjian Wu8Haidi Xiu9Zhongjun Du10Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaSchool of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaShandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, ChinaBackgroundChronic diseases have emerged as a significant public health challenge, impacting the well-being of the Chinese populace, despite scant research exploring the influence of dietary factors on these conditions. This article aimed to investigate the dietary patterns of adult residents in Shandong Province, China, and explore the relationship between these dietary patterns and common chronic diseases.MethodsWe used data from the Total Diet Study of the Population of Shandong Province in China between 2015 and 2016. After further screening, a total of 2,828 adult residents with complete dietary and chronic disease prevalence information were included in this study. Food frequency questionnaires were used to ascertain dietary consumption. Dietary patterns were derived through factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of common chronic diseases, while adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: dietary pattern 1 (characterized by high intake of grains and tubers, vegetables, fruits, eggs, meat, nuts, and legumes); dietary pattern 2 (with high consumption of edible fungi and algae, legumes, snacks, aquatic products, and vegetables, but low in eggs); and dietary pattern 3 (high in dairy, beverages, and snacks). Notably, dietary pattern 2 was associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, even after adjusting for potential confounders [odds ratio (OR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.08-0.79, P < 0.05]. A higher incidence of dyslipidemia was significantly correlated with dietary pattern 3 (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.13–4.78, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that adherence to specific dietary patterns can influence the risk of dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease. Higher adherence to dietary pattern 3 was linked to a higher risk of dyslipidemia, while dietary pattern 2 helped reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1629284/fulldietary patterncommon chronic diseasesfactor analysisChinese adultscross-sectional study
spellingShingle Xi Wu
Jianwei Liu
Xinyue Li
Wanxin Zhang
Yong Yang
Jiazi Ma
Mao Cao
Mengjie Cheng
Guangjian Wu
Haidi Xiu
Zhongjun Du
The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Frontiers in Public Health
dietary pattern
common chronic diseases
factor analysis
Chinese adults
cross-sectional study
title The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
title_full The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
title_short The association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
title_sort association of dietary pattern with the risk of common chronic diseases in shandong province china a cross sectional study
topic dietary pattern
common chronic diseases
factor analysis
Chinese adults
cross-sectional study
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1629284/full
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