Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)

ABSTRACT Background Renal lipidosis is a well‐documented histologic finding in humans and small animals with renal and metabolic disorders, but it is not well described in equids. Objective To describe the signalment, clinicopathologic indices, and postmortem findings of equids with a histologic dia...

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Main Authors: Kali Slavik, Susan Bender, Leslie Sharkey, Rose Nolen‐Walston
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70072
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author Kali Slavik
Susan Bender
Leslie Sharkey
Rose Nolen‐Walston
author_facet Kali Slavik
Susan Bender
Leslie Sharkey
Rose Nolen‐Walston
author_sort Kali Slavik
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background Renal lipidosis is a well‐documented histologic finding in humans and small animals with renal and metabolic disorders, but it is not well described in equids. Objective To describe the signalment, clinicopathologic indices, and postmortem findings of equids with a histologic diagnosis of both hepatic and renal lipidosis (HL + RL) and compare them to cases with hepatic lipidosis only (HL). Animals Equids with necropsy findings of renal or hepatic lipidosis (state diagnostic lab) between 2008 and 2022. Methods Retrospective case–control study. Signalment, history, necropsy diagnosis, and selected biochemical data at admission were extracted from medical records. Each case of HL + RL was assigned a matched case from group HL for comparison of clinical data. Results Renal lipidosis was diagnosed in 0.5% (25/4680) of equid necropsies. Donkeys (7/13) and pony/miniature horses (13/37) with hepatic lipidosis were more likely to also have renal lipidosis compared to horses (5/141; p = 0.0006, RR = 15.1and p < 0.0001, RR = 9.9, respectively). No cases of renal lipidosis were identified without concurrent hepatic lipidosis. The predominant presenting complaints involved gastrointestinal (16/25) and neurologic (12/25) systems. Compared to group HL, group HL + RL had significantly higher admission plasma lactate concentration (+6.2 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.04–13.1, p = 0.04) and GGT activity (+246 U/L, 95% CI −480.4–1870, p = 0.02). No significant differences were detected in creatinine or triglyceride concentrations. Conclusions Renal lipidosis is an occasional postmortem finding in equids with hepatic lipidosis and is more common in donkeys, ponies, and miniature horses compared to horses. The clinical implications of renal lipidosis remain unclear.
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spelling doaj-art-af86c28f748d4b9793b4200375e5feb82025-08-20T03:48:57ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-03-01392n/an/a10.1111/jvim.70072Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)Kali Slavik0Susan Bender1Leslie Sharkey2Rose Nolen‐Walston3Department of Clinical Studies – New Bolton, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square Pennsylvania USADepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square Pennsylvania USADepartment of Clinical Studies Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University Medford Massachusetts USADepartment of Clinical Studies – New Bolton, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square Pennsylvania USAABSTRACT Background Renal lipidosis is a well‐documented histologic finding in humans and small animals with renal and metabolic disorders, but it is not well described in equids. Objective To describe the signalment, clinicopathologic indices, and postmortem findings of equids with a histologic diagnosis of both hepatic and renal lipidosis (HL + RL) and compare them to cases with hepatic lipidosis only (HL). Animals Equids with necropsy findings of renal or hepatic lipidosis (state diagnostic lab) between 2008 and 2022. Methods Retrospective case–control study. Signalment, history, necropsy diagnosis, and selected biochemical data at admission were extracted from medical records. Each case of HL + RL was assigned a matched case from group HL for comparison of clinical data. Results Renal lipidosis was diagnosed in 0.5% (25/4680) of equid necropsies. Donkeys (7/13) and pony/miniature horses (13/37) with hepatic lipidosis were more likely to also have renal lipidosis compared to horses (5/141; p = 0.0006, RR = 15.1and p < 0.0001, RR = 9.9, respectively). No cases of renal lipidosis were identified without concurrent hepatic lipidosis. The predominant presenting complaints involved gastrointestinal (16/25) and neurologic (12/25) systems. Compared to group HL, group HL + RL had significantly higher admission plasma lactate concentration (+6.2 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.04–13.1, p = 0.04) and GGT activity (+246 U/L, 95% CI −480.4–1870, p = 0.02). No significant differences were detected in creatinine or triglyceride concentrations. Conclusions Renal lipidosis is an occasional postmortem finding in equids with hepatic lipidosis and is more common in donkeys, ponies, and miniature horses compared to horses. The clinical implications of renal lipidosis remain unclear.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70072hyperlactatemiahyperlipemiahypertriglyceridemianephrotoxicityobesityPPID
spellingShingle Kali Slavik
Susan Bender
Leslie Sharkey
Rose Nolen‐Walston
Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
hyperlactatemia
hyperlipemia
hypertriglyceridemia
nephrotoxicity
obesity
PPID
title Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
title_full Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
title_fullStr Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
title_full_unstemmed Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
title_short Renal Lipidosis in Horses and Donkeys: 25 Cases (2008–2022)
title_sort renal lipidosis in horses and donkeys 25 cases 2008 2022
topic hyperlactatemia
hyperlipemia
hypertriglyceridemia
nephrotoxicity
obesity
PPID
url https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70072
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AT rosenolenwalston renallipidosisinhorsesanddonkeys25cases20082022