Solar Flare X‐Ray Impacts on Long Subionospheric VLF Paths

Solar Flare X‐Ray Impacts on Long Subionospheric VLF Paths

Abstract Solar flares increase the electron number concentration in the daytime ionosphere, potentially affecting radiowave propagation over several frequency ranges. In this study, we use ionospheric observations to determine both peak magnitudes and time variations of solar flare X‐rays without us...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Samuel R. G. Belcher, Mark A. Clilverd, Craig J. Rodger, Sophie Cook, Neil R. Thomson, James B. Brundell, Tero Raita
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-11-01
Series:Space Weather
Subjects:
VLF propagation
solar flares
regression analysis
X‐ray flares
nowcasting
ICAO
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002820
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