Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition

Background The presence of activated CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment is correlated with an effective immune response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, ICI predominantly targets high-affinity T cells, which may be less abundant in tumors with few neoantigens. Targeting...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joseph G Matous, Jeremy P Snook, Nico A Contreras, Andrew G Ramstead, Krystal R Charley, Elizabeth M Kolawole, Jacob N Kisiolek, Kaitlyn A Flint, Ashleigh J Soedel, Breyana Robinson, Anaiya B Mendoza, Yohichi Kumaki, Brian D Evavold, Matthew A Williams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-04-01
Series:Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
Online Access:https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e010879.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850198500038410240
author Joseph G Matous
Jeremy P Snook
Nico A Contreras
Andrew G Ramstead
Krystal R Charley
Elizabeth M Kolawole
Jacob N Kisiolek
Kaitlyn A Flint
Ashleigh J Soedel
Breyana Robinson
Anaiya B Mendoza
Yohichi Kumaki
Brian D Evavold
Matthew A Williams
author_facet Joseph G Matous
Jeremy P Snook
Nico A Contreras
Andrew G Ramstead
Krystal R Charley
Elizabeth M Kolawole
Jacob N Kisiolek
Kaitlyn A Flint
Ashleigh J Soedel
Breyana Robinson
Anaiya B Mendoza
Yohichi Kumaki
Brian D Evavold
Matthew A Williams
author_sort Joseph G Matous
collection DOAJ
description Background The presence of activated CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment is correlated with an effective immune response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, ICI predominantly targets high-affinity T cells, which may be less abundant in tumors with few neoantigens. Targeting the intracellular phosphatase Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (Shp-1) in combination with ICI lowers the T cell activation threshold and enhances the ability of low-affinity T cells to mount a productive antitumor response.Methods In this study, we sought to determine whether temporal inhibition of Shp-1 during active tumor growth could rescue the activity of low-affinity T cells specific for endogenous self-antigens. To address this question, we implanted Yale University Mouse Melanoma (YUMM) tumor cell lines into WT mice and, on tumor establishment, administered an inhibitor of Shp-1 (TPI-1) with or without ICI treatment. We analyzed treatment-dependent changes in the immune infiltrate in the tumor via flow cytometry, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tetramer-mediated detection of tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2)180–188-specific T cells and a micropipette-based two-dimensional affinity assay to measure the T cell receptor (TCR) affinity.Results Administration of ICI and a Shp-1 inhibitor to mice with established YUMM tumors, but neither agent alone, resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth and an increased frequency of CD8 tumor-infiltrating T cells with enhanced effector and reduced exhaustion characteristics. In particular, combined treatment increased the frequency of CD8 T cells specific for the MHC Class I-restricted tumor self-antigen TRP-2180–188. We found that the increase in effector T cells was almost entirely due to an increase in T cells with very low TCR affinity.Conclusions We conclude that approaches for altering TCR signaling threshold are effective in enhancing the antitumor response of low-affinity T cells specific for endogenous self-antigens in settings of ICI resistance and/or where neoantigens are not available to drive antitumor responses.
format Article
id doaj-art-af487e41aea547e0b4d80effeb9a512e
institution OA Journals
issn 2051-1426
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
spelling doaj-art-af487e41aea547e0b4d80effeb9a512e2025-08-20T02:12:50ZengBMJ Publishing GroupJournal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer2051-14262025-04-0113410.1136/jitc-2024-010879Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitionJoseph G Matous0Jeremy P Snook1Nico A Contreras2Andrew G Ramstead3Krystal R Charley4Elizabeth M Kolawole5Jacob N Kisiolek6Kaitlyn A Flint7Ashleigh J Soedel8Breyana Robinson9Anaiya B Mendoza10Yohichi Kumaki11Brian D Evavold12Matthew A Williams132 Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA3 North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA4 Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA1 Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USABackground The presence of activated CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment is correlated with an effective immune response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, ICI predominantly targets high-affinity T cells, which may be less abundant in tumors with few neoantigens. Targeting the intracellular phosphatase Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (Shp-1) in combination with ICI lowers the T cell activation threshold and enhances the ability of low-affinity T cells to mount a productive antitumor response.Methods In this study, we sought to determine whether temporal inhibition of Shp-1 during active tumor growth could rescue the activity of low-affinity T cells specific for endogenous self-antigens. To address this question, we implanted Yale University Mouse Melanoma (YUMM) tumor cell lines into WT mice and, on tumor establishment, administered an inhibitor of Shp-1 (TPI-1) with or without ICI treatment. We analyzed treatment-dependent changes in the immune infiltrate in the tumor via flow cytometry, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tetramer-mediated detection of tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2)180–188-specific T cells and a micropipette-based two-dimensional affinity assay to measure the T cell receptor (TCR) affinity.Results Administration of ICI and a Shp-1 inhibitor to mice with established YUMM tumors, but neither agent alone, resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth and an increased frequency of CD8 tumor-infiltrating T cells with enhanced effector and reduced exhaustion characteristics. In particular, combined treatment increased the frequency of CD8 T cells specific for the MHC Class I-restricted tumor self-antigen TRP-2180–188. We found that the increase in effector T cells was almost entirely due to an increase in T cells with very low TCR affinity.Conclusions We conclude that approaches for altering TCR signaling threshold are effective in enhancing the antitumor response of low-affinity T cells specific for endogenous self-antigens in settings of ICI resistance and/or where neoantigens are not available to drive antitumor responses.https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e010879.full
spellingShingle Joseph G Matous
Jeremy P Snook
Nico A Contreras
Andrew G Ramstead
Krystal R Charley
Elizabeth M Kolawole
Jacob N Kisiolek
Kaitlyn A Flint
Ashleigh J Soedel
Breyana Robinson
Anaiya B Mendoza
Yohichi Kumaki
Brian D Evavold
Matthew A Williams
Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
title Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
title_full Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
title_fullStr Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
title_full_unstemmed Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
title_short Shp-1 regulates the activity of low-affinity T cells specific to endogenous self-antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
title_sort shp 1 regulates the activity of low affinity t cells specific to endogenous self antigen during melanoma tumor growth and drives resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition
url https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e010879.full
work_keys_str_mv AT josephgmatous shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT jeremypsnook shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT nicoacontreras shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT andrewgramstead shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT krystalrcharley shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT elizabethmkolawole shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT jacobnkisiolek shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT kaitlynaflint shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT ashleighjsoedel shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT breyanarobinson shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT anaiyabmendoza shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT yohichikumaki shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT briandevavold shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition
AT matthewawilliams shp1regulatestheactivityoflowaffinitytcellsspecifictoendogenousselfantigenduringmelanomatumorgrowthanddrivesresistancetoimmunecheckpointinhibition