Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction

Abstract Objective Currently, there has been no gold standard for diagnosing small airway dysfunction (SAdf). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between small airway parameters derived from spirometry and oscillometry in hospitalized patients, assessing the potential of oscillometry as an...

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Main Authors: Ting Mou, Yujiao Wang, Yufen Fu, Yuxin Wang, Guoping Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03420-z
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author Ting Mou
Yujiao Wang
Yufen Fu
Yuxin Wang
Guoping Li
author_facet Ting Mou
Yujiao Wang
Yufen Fu
Yuxin Wang
Guoping Li
author_sort Ting Mou
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective Currently, there has been no gold standard for diagnosing small airway dysfunction (SAdf). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between small airway parameters derived from spirometry and oscillometry in hospitalized patients, assessing the potential of oscillometry as an alternative diagnostic tool for SAdf. Additionally, this study explored the inconsistencies and influencing factors related to spirometry and oscillometry in diagnosing SAdf, conducting a preliminary assessment of these factors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving data collection from patients who underwent both spirometry and oscillometry between June 1, 2022, and September 1, 2023, at Chengdu Third People’s Hospital was conducted. Initially, 1,771 patients were considered, with 1,446 meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical characteristics and correlations between small airway parameters from the two methods were analyzed based on different lung function data groups. Besides, this study explored the inconsistency between the two pulmonary function tests in diagnosing SAdf in hospitalized patients. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to investigate the factors contributing to these inconsistencies. Results Significant correlations were identified between parameters (reactance area [AX], resonant frequency [Fres], reactance at 5 Hz [X5], difference between resistance at 5 Hz and R20 [R5-R20]) and the forced expiratory flow (FEF) metrics (FEF25%-75%, FEF50%, and FEF75%). Among these, AX showed the strongest correlation, regardless of the severity of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Diagnostic inconsistencies were influenced by factors such as sex, body mass index (BMI), and sputum production. Females, individuals with a high BMI, and those with less sputum were linked to oscillometry-only SAdf, while males, individuals with alow BMI, and those with more sputum were linked to spirometry-only SAdf. Conclusion In hospitalized patients, oscillometry could serve as an effective alternative or complement to spirometry for diagnosing SAdf. A greater degree of lung function impairment was correlated with small airway parameters between the two tests. The oscillometry might detect SAdf more sensitively in patients with normal pulmonary function as measured by spirometry. Ultimately, we recommend the combined use of spirometry and oscillometry in hospitalized patients based on its comprehensive assessment of small airway function and potential in timely intervention.
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spelling doaj-art-af073a43be79481695e2b5ec27531cad2024-12-22T12:11:32ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662024-12-0124111210.1186/s12890-024-03420-zAnalysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunctionTing Mou0Yujiao Wang1Yufen Fu2Yuxin Wang3Guoping Li4Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityAbstract Objective Currently, there has been no gold standard for diagnosing small airway dysfunction (SAdf). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between small airway parameters derived from spirometry and oscillometry in hospitalized patients, assessing the potential of oscillometry as an alternative diagnostic tool for SAdf. Additionally, this study explored the inconsistencies and influencing factors related to spirometry and oscillometry in diagnosing SAdf, conducting a preliminary assessment of these factors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving data collection from patients who underwent both spirometry and oscillometry between June 1, 2022, and September 1, 2023, at Chengdu Third People’s Hospital was conducted. Initially, 1,771 patients were considered, with 1,446 meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical characteristics and correlations between small airway parameters from the two methods were analyzed based on different lung function data groups. Besides, this study explored the inconsistency between the two pulmonary function tests in diagnosing SAdf in hospitalized patients. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to investigate the factors contributing to these inconsistencies. Results Significant correlations were identified between parameters (reactance area [AX], resonant frequency [Fres], reactance at 5 Hz [X5], difference between resistance at 5 Hz and R20 [R5-R20]) and the forced expiratory flow (FEF) metrics (FEF25%-75%, FEF50%, and FEF75%). Among these, AX showed the strongest correlation, regardless of the severity of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Diagnostic inconsistencies were influenced by factors such as sex, body mass index (BMI), and sputum production. Females, individuals with a high BMI, and those with less sputum were linked to oscillometry-only SAdf, while males, individuals with alow BMI, and those with more sputum were linked to spirometry-only SAdf. Conclusion In hospitalized patients, oscillometry could serve as an effective alternative or complement to spirometry for diagnosing SAdf. A greater degree of lung function impairment was correlated with small airway parameters between the two tests. The oscillometry might detect SAdf more sensitively in patients with normal pulmonary function as measured by spirometry. Ultimately, we recommend the combined use of spirometry and oscillometry in hospitalized patients based on its comprehensive assessment of small airway function and potential in timely intervention.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03420-zSmall airway dysfunctionSpirometryOscillometryRetrospective study
spellingShingle Ting Mou
Yujiao Wang
Yufen Fu
Yuxin Wang
Guoping Li
Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Small airway dysfunction
Spirometry
Oscillometry
Retrospective study
title Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
title_full Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
title_fullStr Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
title_short Analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small-airway dysfunction
title_sort analysis of the correlations and inconsistencies between spirometry and impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of small airway dysfunction
topic Small airway dysfunction
Spirometry
Oscillometry
Retrospective study
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03420-z
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AT yufenfu analysisofthecorrelationsandinconsistenciesbetweenspirometryandimpulseoscillometryinthediagnosisofsmallairwaydysfunction
AT yuxinwang analysisofthecorrelationsandinconsistenciesbetweenspirometryandimpulseoscillometryinthediagnosisofsmallairwaydysfunction
AT guopingli analysisofthecorrelationsandinconsistenciesbetweenspirometryandimpulseoscillometryinthediagnosisofsmallairwaydysfunction