Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators
Programmable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role in enabling high-bandwidth optical interconnects and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning technology. To that end, chalcogenide-based...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIP Publishing LLC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | APL Photonics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0236098 |
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| author | Jayita Dutta Rui Chen Virat Tara Arka Majumdar |
| author_facet | Jayita Dutta Rui Chen Virat Tara Arka Majumdar |
| author_sort | Jayita Dutta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Programmable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role in enabling high-bandwidth optical interconnects and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning technology. To that end, chalcogenide-based non-volatile phase-change materials (PCMs) present a promising solution due to zero static power. However, high switching voltage and a small number of operating levels present serious roadblocks to the widespread adoption of PCM-programmable units. Here, we demonstrate an electrically programmable wide bandgap Sb2S3-clad silicon ring resonator using a silicon microheater at a complementary-metal–oxide–semiconductor compatible voltage of <3 V. Our device shows a low switching energy of 35.33 nJ (0.48 mJ) for amorphization (crystallization) and reversible phase transitions with high endurance (>2000 switching events) near 1550 nm. Combining a volatile thermo-optic effect with non-volatile PCMs, we demonstrate 7-bit (127 levels) operation with excellent repeatability and reduced power consumption. Our demonstration of low-voltage and low-energy operation, combined with the hybrid volatile–nonvolatile approach, marks a significant step toward integrating PCM-based programmable units in large-scale optical interconnects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aef53e1f271047ce9129a84cde376ac8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2378-0967 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | APL Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-aef53e1f271047ce9129a84cde376ac82025-08-20T02:02:01ZengAIP Publishing LLCAPL Photonics2378-09672025-02-01102020803020803-910.1063/5.0236098Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonatorsJayita Dutta0Rui Chen1Virat Tara2Arka Majumdar3Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USAProgrammable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role in enabling high-bandwidth optical interconnects and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning technology. To that end, chalcogenide-based non-volatile phase-change materials (PCMs) present a promising solution due to zero static power. However, high switching voltage and a small number of operating levels present serious roadblocks to the widespread adoption of PCM-programmable units. Here, we demonstrate an electrically programmable wide bandgap Sb2S3-clad silicon ring resonator using a silicon microheater at a complementary-metal–oxide–semiconductor compatible voltage of <3 V. Our device shows a low switching energy of 35.33 nJ (0.48 mJ) for amorphization (crystallization) and reversible phase transitions with high endurance (>2000 switching events) near 1550 nm. Combining a volatile thermo-optic effect with non-volatile PCMs, we demonstrate 7-bit (127 levels) operation with excellent repeatability and reduced power consumption. Our demonstration of low-voltage and low-energy operation, combined with the hybrid volatile–nonvolatile approach, marks a significant step toward integrating PCM-based programmable units in large-scale optical interconnects.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0236098 |
| spellingShingle | Jayita Dutta Rui Chen Virat Tara Arka Majumdar Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators APL Photonics |
| title | Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| title_full | Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| title_fullStr | Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| title_short | Low-power quasi-continuous hybrid volatile/nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| title_sort | low power quasi continuous hybrid volatile nonvolatile tuning of ring resonators |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0236098 |
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