Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa

Ticks are haematophagous ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals. With their vast geographical distribution and aptitude as vectors of a large variety of pathogens, they are ranked amongst the top two arthropod families of veterinary and medical concern. Amblyomma, the third largest genus in the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andeliza Smit, Fernando C. Mulandane, Stephane H. Wójcik, Choolwe Malabwa, Gourgelia Sili, Stephen Mandara, Kaïssa Plaisir Pineau, Sylvie Lecollinet, Antoni Exbrayat, Valérie Rodrigues, Hannah Rose Vineer, Zinathi Dlamkile, Wilhelm H. Stoltsz, Damien F. Meyer, Darshana Morar-Leather, Benjamin L. Makepeace, Luis Neves
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X25000263
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850235364899291136
author Andeliza Smit
Fernando C. Mulandane
Stephane H. Wójcik
Choolwe Malabwa
Gourgelia Sili
Stephen Mandara
Kaïssa Plaisir Pineau
Sylvie Lecollinet
Antoni Exbrayat
Valérie Rodrigues
Hannah Rose Vineer
Zinathi Dlamkile
Wilhelm H. Stoltsz
Damien F. Meyer
Darshana Morar-Leather
Benjamin L. Makepeace
Luis Neves
author_facet Andeliza Smit
Fernando C. Mulandane
Stephane H. Wójcik
Choolwe Malabwa
Gourgelia Sili
Stephen Mandara
Kaïssa Plaisir Pineau
Sylvie Lecollinet
Antoni Exbrayat
Valérie Rodrigues
Hannah Rose Vineer
Zinathi Dlamkile
Wilhelm H. Stoltsz
Damien F. Meyer
Darshana Morar-Leather
Benjamin L. Makepeace
Luis Neves
author_sort Andeliza Smit
collection DOAJ
description Ticks are haematophagous ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals. With their vast geographical distribution and aptitude as vectors of a large variety of pathogens, they are ranked amongst the top two arthropod families of veterinary and medical concern. Amblyomma, the third largest genus in the Ixodidae, is important in southern Africa due to its vector competence for Ehrlichia ruminantium and other pathogens. Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater, a potentially lethal disease in ruminants, is classified as a notifiable disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health. Amblyomma species ticks were collected in five southern African countries from livestock and wildlife. They were morphologically identified to species level with taxonomic keys, and species identity was confirmed with molecular assays. Preliminary screening for E. ruminantium was conducted by targeting the pCS20 gene fragment. Genotyping of 39 E. ruminantium positives was obtained using Ampliseq technology. In total, 7,734 Amblyomma ticks were collected and identified as belonging to four species: Amblyomma eburneum, Amblyomma hebraeum, Amblyomma pomposum and Amblyomma variegatum. Ehrlichia ruminantium infection rates per country ranged from 7.1 % to 34.1 %. The genotyping analysis indicated the clustering of our sequences with strains Gardel, Welgevonden, Um Banein, Springbokfontein 4 and 2, Kwanyanga, and Blaauwkrans. The Ampliseq analysis was not effective in differentiating between strains found in southern Africa. This large study documents the genetic diversity and prevalence of E. ruminantium in ticks across southern Africa, highlighting implications for disease control and vaccine development.
format Article
id doaj-art-aeefd9c149044674b3fc0762d1bd1786
institution OA Journals
issn 1877-9603
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases
spelling doaj-art-aeefd9c149044674b3fc0762d1bd17862025-08-20T02:02:17ZengElsevierTicks and Tick-Borne Diseases1877-96032025-05-0116310246210.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102462Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern AfricaAndeliza Smit0Fernando C. Mulandane1Stephane H. Wójcik2Choolwe Malabwa3Gourgelia Sili4Stephen Mandara5Kaïssa Plaisir Pineau6Sylvie Lecollinet7Antoni Exbrayat8Valérie Rodrigues9Hannah Rose Vineer10Zinathi Dlamkile11Wilhelm H. Stoltsz12Damien F. Meyer13Darshana Morar-Leather14Benjamin L. Makepeace15Luis Neves16Tick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Corresponding author.Biotechnology Centre, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueTick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South AfricaCentral Veterinary Research Institute, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Jose Eduardo dos Santos, Huambo, AngolaDepartment of Animal Production Sciences, Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Marondera, ZimbabweCIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe F-97170, France; ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceCIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe F-97170, France; ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceCIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe F-97170, France; ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceDepartment of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomTick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South AfricaTick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South AfricaCIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe F-97170, France; ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Corresponding author at: CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe F-97170, France.Tick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South AfricaDepartment of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomTick Research Group, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Biotechnology Centre, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueTicks are haematophagous ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals. With their vast geographical distribution and aptitude as vectors of a large variety of pathogens, they are ranked amongst the top two arthropod families of veterinary and medical concern. Amblyomma, the third largest genus in the Ixodidae, is important in southern Africa due to its vector competence for Ehrlichia ruminantium and other pathogens. Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater, a potentially lethal disease in ruminants, is classified as a notifiable disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health. Amblyomma species ticks were collected in five southern African countries from livestock and wildlife. They were morphologically identified to species level with taxonomic keys, and species identity was confirmed with molecular assays. Preliminary screening for E. ruminantium was conducted by targeting the pCS20 gene fragment. Genotyping of 39 E. ruminantium positives was obtained using Ampliseq technology. In total, 7,734 Amblyomma ticks were collected and identified as belonging to four species: Amblyomma eburneum, Amblyomma hebraeum, Amblyomma pomposum and Amblyomma variegatum. Ehrlichia ruminantium infection rates per country ranged from 7.1 % to 34.1 %. The genotyping analysis indicated the clustering of our sequences with strains Gardel, Welgevonden, Um Banein, Springbokfontein 4 and 2, Kwanyanga, and Blaauwkrans. The Ampliseq analysis was not effective in differentiating between strains found in southern Africa. This large study documents the genetic diversity and prevalence of E. ruminantium in ticks across southern Africa, highlighting implications for disease control and vaccine development.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X25000263HeartwaterPrevalenceTick-borne pathogensPhylogenetics
spellingShingle Andeliza Smit
Fernando C. Mulandane
Stephane H. Wójcik
Choolwe Malabwa
Gourgelia Sili
Stephen Mandara
Kaïssa Plaisir Pineau
Sylvie Lecollinet
Antoni Exbrayat
Valérie Rodrigues
Hannah Rose Vineer
Zinathi Dlamkile
Wilhelm H. Stoltsz
Damien F. Meyer
Darshana Morar-Leather
Benjamin L. Makepeace
Luis Neves
Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases
Heartwater
Prevalence
Tick-borne pathogens
Phylogenetics
title Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
title_full Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
title_fullStr Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
title_full_unstemmed Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
title_short Ehrlichia ruminantium (Ehrlichiaceae) infection rates and genotyping in Amblyomma species from southern Africa
title_sort ehrlichia ruminantium ehrlichiaceae infection rates and genotyping in amblyomma species from southern africa
topic Heartwater
Prevalence
Tick-borne pathogens
Phylogenetics
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X25000263
work_keys_str_mv AT andelizasmit ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT fernandocmulandane ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT stephanehwojcik ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT choolwemalabwa ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT gourgeliasili ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT stephenmandara ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT kaissaplaisirpineau ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT sylvielecollinet ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT antoniexbrayat ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT valerierodrigues ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT hannahrosevineer ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT zinathidlamkile ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT wilhelmhstoltsz ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT damienfmeyer ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT darshanamorarleather ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT benjaminlmakepeace ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica
AT luisneves ehrlichiaruminantiumehrlichiaceaeinfectionratesandgenotypinginamblyommaspeciesfromsouthernafrica