Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antibody encephalitis is an infrequent clinical disorder, initially reported in 2011 among two patients presenting with limbic encephalitis and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Mental and behavioral abnormalities are prevalent manifestations, accompanied by cognitive im...

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Main Authors: Yixin Gu, Tingting Xuan, Pankui Li, Jing Zhou, Zhenhai Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1436246/full
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author Yixin Gu
Yixin Gu
Tingting Xuan
Tingting Xuan
Pankui Li
Pankui Li
Jing Zhou
Jing Zhou
Zhenhai Wang
Zhenhai Wang
author_facet Yixin Gu
Yixin Gu
Tingting Xuan
Tingting Xuan
Pankui Li
Pankui Li
Jing Zhou
Jing Zhou
Zhenhai Wang
Zhenhai Wang
author_sort Yixin Gu
collection DOAJ
description Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antibody encephalitis is an infrequent clinical disorder, initially reported in 2011 among two patients presenting with limbic encephalitis and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Mental and behavioral abnormalities are prevalent manifestations, accompanied by cognitive impairment, movement disorders, seizures, and other associated symptoms. In this report, we present the case of a young female patient who presented with abnormal mental behavior, seizures, and disturbances of consciousness. A cell-based assay (CBA) showed positive IgG metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in both her serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as positive IgG N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in both her serum and CSF. She was diagnosed with mGluR5 overlapping NMDAR antibody encephalitis and received high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and immunoglobulin therapy. Tumor screening suggested the presence of bilateral ovarian teratoma. However, unfortunately the prognosis was extremely poor. Clinical results suggested that patients with mGluR5-Abs mostly have good prognoses, excepting our case.
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institution DOAJ
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-ae8523cddc6b45808bb5dc29fe8e9b972025-08-20T03:11:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-02-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.14362461436246Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature reviewYixin Gu0Yixin Gu1Tingting Xuan2Tingting Xuan3Pankui Li4Pankui Li5Jing Zhou6Jing Zhou7Zhenhai Wang8Zhenhai Wang9School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, ChinaDiagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, ChinaDiagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, ChinaDiagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, ChinaDiagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, ChinaDiagnosis and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Nervous System Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, ChinaMetabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antibody encephalitis is an infrequent clinical disorder, initially reported in 2011 among two patients presenting with limbic encephalitis and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Mental and behavioral abnormalities are prevalent manifestations, accompanied by cognitive impairment, movement disorders, seizures, and other associated symptoms. In this report, we present the case of a young female patient who presented with abnormal mental behavior, seizures, and disturbances of consciousness. A cell-based assay (CBA) showed positive IgG metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in both her serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as positive IgG N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in both her serum and CSF. She was diagnosed with mGluR5 overlapping NMDAR antibody encephalitis and received high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and immunoglobulin therapy. Tumor screening suggested the presence of bilateral ovarian teratoma. However, unfortunately the prognosis was extremely poor. Clinical results suggested that patients with mGluR5-Abs mostly have good prognoses, excepting our case.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1436246/fullautoimmune encephalitismetabotropic glutamate receptor 5antibody overlapovarian teratomacase report
spellingShingle Yixin Gu
Yixin Gu
Tingting Xuan
Tingting Xuan
Pankui Li
Pankui Li
Jing Zhou
Jing Zhou
Zhenhai Wang
Zhenhai Wang
Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
Frontiers in Immunology
autoimmune encephalitis
metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
antibody overlap
ovarian teratoma
case report
title Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
title_full Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
title_fullStr Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
title_short Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review
title_sort anti metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 coexistent anti n methyl d aspartate receptor encephalitis a case report and literature review
topic autoimmune encephalitis
metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
antibody overlap
ovarian teratoma
case report
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1436246/full
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