Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification

Abstract Background Finding a biomarker to diagnose migraine remains a significant challenge in the headache field. Migraine patients exhibit dynamic and recurrent alterations in the brainstem-thalamo-cortical loop, including reduced thalamocortical activity and abnormal habituation during the inter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gabriele Sebastianelli, Daniele Secci, Francesco Casillo, Chiara Abagnale, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Mariano Serrao, Shuu-Jiun Wang, Fu-Jung Hsiao, Gianluca Coppola
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:The Journal of Headache and Pain
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-025-01989-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850153514168221696
author Gabriele Sebastianelli
Daniele Secci
Francesco Casillo
Chiara Abagnale
Cherubino Di Lorenzo
Mariano Serrao
Shuu-Jiun Wang
Fu-Jung Hsiao
Gianluca Coppola
author_facet Gabriele Sebastianelli
Daniele Secci
Francesco Casillo
Chiara Abagnale
Cherubino Di Lorenzo
Mariano Serrao
Shuu-Jiun Wang
Fu-Jung Hsiao
Gianluca Coppola
author_sort Gabriele Sebastianelli
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Finding a biomarker to diagnose migraine remains a significant challenge in the headache field. Migraine patients exhibit dynamic and recurrent alterations in the brainstem-thalamo-cortical loop, including reduced thalamocortical activity and abnormal habituation during the interictal phase. Although these insights into migraine pathophysiology have been valuable, they are not currently used in clinical practice. This study aims to evaluate the potential of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in distinguishing migraine patients from healthy individuals using neurophysiological recordings. Methods We recorded Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEPs) to gather electrophysiological data from low- and high-frequency signal bands in 177 participants, comprising 91 migraine patients (MO) during their interictal period and 86 healthy volunteers (HV). Eleven neurophysiological variables were analyzed, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Forward Feature Selection (FFS) techniques were independently employed to identify relevant variables, refine the feature space, and enhance model interpretability. The ANNs were then trained independently with the features derived from the PCA and FFS to delineate the relationship between electrophysiological inputs and the diagnostic outcome. Results Both models demonstrated robust performance, achieving over 68% in all the performance metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 scores). The classification model trained with FFS-derived features performed better than the model trained with PCA results in distinguishing patients with MO from HV. The model trained with FFS-derived features achieved a median accuracy of 72.8% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79, while the model trained with PCA results showed a median accuracy of 68.9% and an AUC of 0.75. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ANNs trained with SSEP-derived variables hold promise as a noninvasive tool for migraine classification, offering potential for clinical application and deeper insights into migraine diagnostics.
format Article
id doaj-art-ae83487c9a57417494c9d48639dfde03
institution OA Journals
issn 1129-2377
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series The Journal of Headache and Pain
spelling doaj-art-ae83487c9a57417494c9d48639dfde032025-08-20T02:25:41ZengBMCThe Journal of Headache and Pain1129-23772025-04-0126111410.1186/s10194-025-01989-2Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classificationGabriele Sebastianelli0Daniele Secci1Francesco Casillo2Chiara Abagnale3Cherubino Di Lorenzo4Mariano Serrao5Shuu-Jiun Wang6Fu-Jung Hsiao7Gianluca Coppola8Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTDepartment of Engineering and Architecture, University of ParmaDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTBrain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityBrain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityDepartment of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOTAbstract Background Finding a biomarker to diagnose migraine remains a significant challenge in the headache field. Migraine patients exhibit dynamic and recurrent alterations in the brainstem-thalamo-cortical loop, including reduced thalamocortical activity and abnormal habituation during the interictal phase. Although these insights into migraine pathophysiology have been valuable, they are not currently used in clinical practice. This study aims to evaluate the potential of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in distinguishing migraine patients from healthy individuals using neurophysiological recordings. Methods We recorded Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEPs) to gather electrophysiological data from low- and high-frequency signal bands in 177 participants, comprising 91 migraine patients (MO) during their interictal period and 86 healthy volunteers (HV). Eleven neurophysiological variables were analyzed, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Forward Feature Selection (FFS) techniques were independently employed to identify relevant variables, refine the feature space, and enhance model interpretability. The ANNs were then trained independently with the features derived from the PCA and FFS to delineate the relationship between electrophysiological inputs and the diagnostic outcome. Results Both models demonstrated robust performance, achieving over 68% in all the performance metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 scores). The classification model trained with FFS-derived features performed better than the model trained with PCA results in distinguishing patients with MO from HV. The model trained with FFS-derived features achieved a median accuracy of 72.8% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79, while the model trained with PCA results showed a median accuracy of 68.9% and an AUC of 0.75. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ANNs trained with SSEP-derived variables hold promise as a noninvasive tool for migraine classification, offering potential for clinical application and deeper insights into migraine diagnostics.https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-025-01989-2Artificial intelligenceNeurophysiologyEvoked potentialsHabituationSensitizationThalamus
spellingShingle Gabriele Sebastianelli
Daniele Secci
Francesco Casillo
Chiara Abagnale
Cherubino Di Lorenzo
Mariano Serrao
Shuu-Jiun Wang
Fu-Jung Hsiao
Gianluca Coppola
Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
The Journal of Headache and Pain
Artificial intelligence
Neurophysiology
Evoked potentials
Habituation
Sensitization
Thalamus
title Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
title_full Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
title_fullStr Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
title_full_unstemmed Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
title_short Artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
title_sort artificial neural networks applied to somatosensory evoked potentials for migraine classification
topic Artificial intelligence
Neurophysiology
Evoked potentials
Habituation
Sensitization
Thalamus
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-025-01989-2
work_keys_str_mv AT gabrielesebastianelli artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT danielesecci artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT francescocasillo artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT chiaraabagnale artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT cherubinodilorenzo artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT marianoserrao artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT shuujiunwang artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT fujunghsiao artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification
AT gianlucacoppola artificialneuralnetworksappliedtosomatosensoryevokedpotentialsformigraineclassification