Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods

This paper introduces an innovative methodology for solving steady-state elliptic partial differential equations defined over irregular domains, by coupling the capabilities of Physics-Informed Neural Networks with the Fictitious Domain Method. The primary emphasis is placed on applications involvin...

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Main Author: José A. Rodrigues
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis 2025-12-01
Series:Research in Statistics
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27684520.2025.2542577
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author José A. Rodrigues
author_facet José A. Rodrigues
author_sort José A. Rodrigues
collection DOAJ
description This paper introduces an innovative methodology for solving steady-state elliptic partial differential equations defined over irregular domains, by coupling the capabilities of Physics-Informed Neural Networks with the Fictitious Domain Method. The primary emphasis is placed on applications involving the heat equation, a fundamental model in thermal analysis where the complexity of non-standard geometries often poses significant challenges for traditional numerical methods. The proposed approach exploits the inherent strength of Physics-Informed Neural Networks in embedding the underlying physical laws directly into the learning process, enabling the model to approximate solutions without relying on mesh-based discretization. Simultaneously, the Fictitious Domain Method facilitates the treatment of irregular computational domains by embedding them within a larger, regular domain, thereby simplifying the application of boundary conditions and numerical operations. The synergy between these two techniques results in a flexible, efficient, and accurate computational framework that is well-suited for addressing heat transfer problems in complex geometrical configurations.
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spelling doaj-art-ae815e34f4064e069bbcac66791a09972025-08-25T13:01:35ZengTaylor & FrancisResearch in Statistics2768-45202025-12-013110.1080/27684520.2025.2542577Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain MethodsJosé A. Rodrigues0CIMA and Department of Mathematics of ISEL, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, PortugalThis paper introduces an innovative methodology for solving steady-state elliptic partial differential equations defined over irregular domains, by coupling the capabilities of Physics-Informed Neural Networks with the Fictitious Domain Method. The primary emphasis is placed on applications involving the heat equation, a fundamental model in thermal analysis where the complexity of non-standard geometries often poses significant challenges for traditional numerical methods. The proposed approach exploits the inherent strength of Physics-Informed Neural Networks in embedding the underlying physical laws directly into the learning process, enabling the model to approximate solutions without relying on mesh-based discretization. Simultaneously, the Fictitious Domain Method facilitates the treatment of irregular computational domains by embedding them within a larger, regular domain, thereby simplifying the application of boundary conditions and numerical operations. The synergy between these two techniques results in a flexible, efficient, and accurate computational framework that is well-suited for addressing heat transfer problems in complex geometrical configurations.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27684520.2025.2542577Physics-Informed Neural NetworksFictitious Domain MethodIrregular DomainsSteady-State Heat ConductionNURBS Curves
spellingShingle José A. Rodrigues
Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
Research in Statistics
Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Fictitious Domain Method
Irregular Domains
Steady-State Heat Conduction
NURBS Curves
title Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
title_full Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
title_fullStr Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
title_full_unstemmed Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
title_short Solving Steady-State Elliptic Problems in Irregular Domains Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Fictitious Domain Methods
title_sort solving steady state elliptic problems in irregular domains using physics informed neural networks and fictitious domain methods
topic Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Fictitious Domain Method
Irregular Domains
Steady-State Heat Conduction
NURBS Curves
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27684520.2025.2542577
work_keys_str_mv AT josearodrigues solvingsteadystateellipticproblemsinirregulardomainsusingphysicsinformedneuralnetworksandfictitiousdomainmethods