Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China
While urban greenery is known to regulate microclimates and reduce air pollution, its integrated effects remain insufficiently quantified. Through field monitoring and ENVI-met 5.1 modeling of high-rise residential areas in Jinan, the results demonstrate that: (1) vegetation exhibits distinct spatia...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Lina Yang Xu Li Daranee Jareemit Jiying Liu |
| author_facet | Lina Yang Xu Li Daranee Jareemit Jiying Liu |
| author_sort | Lina Yang |
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| description | While urban greenery is known to regulate microclimates and reduce air pollution, its integrated effects remain insufficiently quantified. Through field monitoring and ENVI-met 5.1 modeling of high-rise residential areas in Jinan, the results demonstrate that: (1) vegetation exhibits distinct spatial impacts in air-quality impacts, reducing roadside PM<sub>2.5</sub> by 26.63 μg/m<sup>3</sup> while increasing building-adjacent levels by 17.5 μg/m<sup>3</sup>; (2) shrubs outperformed trees in PM<sub>2.5</sub> reduction (up to 65.34%), particularly when planted in inner rows, whereas tree crown morphology and spacing showed negligible effects; (3) densely spaced columnar trees optimize cooling, reducing T<sub>a</sub> by 3–4.8 °C and the physiological equivalent temperature (PET*) by 8–12.8 °C, while planting trees on the outer row and shrubs on the inner row best balanced thermal and air-quality improvements; (4) each 1 m<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> leaf area density (LAD) increase yields thermal benefits (ΔT<sub>a</sub> = −1.07 °C, ΔPET* = −1.93 °C) but elevates PM<sub>2.5</sub> by 4.32 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. These findings provide evidence-based vegetation design strategies for sustainable urban planning. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae680ba6e14a44d0b06d6085e35deb03 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ae680ba6e14a44d0b06d6085e35deb032025-08-20T03:26:49ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-06-0116667210.3390/atmos16060672Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern ChinaLina Yang0Xu Li1Daranee Jareemit2Jiying Liu3Department of Civil Engineering, BinZhou Polytechnic, Binzhou 256603, ChinaSchool of Thermal Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, ChinaFaculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani 12121, ThailandSchool of Thermal Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, ChinaWhile urban greenery is known to regulate microclimates and reduce air pollution, its integrated effects remain insufficiently quantified. Through field monitoring and ENVI-met 5.1 modeling of high-rise residential areas in Jinan, the results demonstrate that: (1) vegetation exhibits distinct spatial impacts in air-quality impacts, reducing roadside PM<sub>2.5</sub> by 26.63 μg/m<sup>3</sup> while increasing building-adjacent levels by 17.5 μg/m<sup>3</sup>; (2) shrubs outperformed trees in PM<sub>2.5</sub> reduction (up to 65.34%), particularly when planted in inner rows, whereas tree crown morphology and spacing showed negligible effects; (3) densely spaced columnar trees optimize cooling, reducing T<sub>a</sub> by 3–4.8 °C and the physiological equivalent temperature (PET*) by 8–12.8 °C, while planting trees on the outer row and shrubs on the inner row best balanced thermal and air-quality improvements; (4) each 1 m<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> leaf area density (LAD) increase yields thermal benefits (ΔT<sub>a</sub> = −1.07 °C, ΔPET* = −1.93 °C) but elevates PM<sub>2.5</sub> by 4.32 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. These findings provide evidence-based vegetation design strategies for sustainable urban planning.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/6/672outdoor air qualityoutdoor thermal environmentvegetation configurationshigh-rise residential areas |
| spellingShingle | Lina Yang Xu Li Daranee Jareemit Jiying Liu Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China Atmosphere outdoor air quality outdoor thermal environment vegetation configurations high-rise residential areas |
| title | Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China |
| title_full | Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China |
| title_fullStr | Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China |
| title_short | Vegetation Configuration Effects on Microclimate and PM<sub>2.5</sub> Concentrations: A Case Study of High-Rise Residential Complexes in Northern China |
| title_sort | vegetation configuration effects on microclimate and pm sub 2 5 sub concentrations a case study of high rise residential complexes in northern china |
| topic | outdoor air quality outdoor thermal environment vegetation configurations high-rise residential areas |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/6/672 |
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