Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses
Amid escalating challenges from global climate change and increasing environmental degradation, agricultural systems worldwide face a multitude of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, elevated temperatures, heavy metal pollution, and flooding. These factors critically impair crop productiv...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Wenjing Nie Qinghai He Hongen Guo Wenjun Zhang Lan Ma Junlin Li Dan Wen |
| author_facet | Wenjing Nie Qinghai He Hongen Guo Wenjun Zhang Lan Ma Junlin Li Dan Wen |
| author_sort | Wenjing Nie |
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| description | Amid escalating challenges from global climate change and increasing environmental degradation, agricultural systems worldwide face a multitude of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, elevated temperatures, heavy metal pollution, and flooding. These factors critically impair crop productivity and yield. Simultaneously, biotic pressures such as pathogen invasions intensify the vulnerability of agricultural outputs. At the heart of mitigating these challenges, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM fungi) form a crucial symbiotic relationship with most terrestrial plants, significantly enhancing their stress resilience. AM fungi improve nutrient uptake, particularly that of nitrogen and phosphorus, through their extensive mycelial networks. Additionally, they enhance soil structure, increase water use efficiency, and strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms, particularly in environments stressed by drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal contamination, and flooding. Beyond mitigating abiotic stress, AM fungi bolster plant defenses against pathogens and pests by competing for colonization sites and enhancing plant immune responses. They also facilitate plant adaptation to extreme environmental conditions by altering root morphology, modulating gene expression, and promoting the accumulation of osmotic adjustment compounds. This review discusses the role of AM fungi in enhancing plant growth and performance under environmental stress. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae64cbe586af44bcbfb97366c601791f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae64cbe586af44bcbfb97366c601791f2025-08-20T02:57:20ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011212244810.3390/microorganisms12122448Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental StressesWenjing Nie0Qinghai He1Hongen Guo2Wenjun Zhang3Lan Ma4Junlin Li5Dan Wen6Yantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, ChinaYantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, ChinaYantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Shandong Key Laboratory of Bulk Open-Field Vegetable Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Huang Huai Protected Horticulture Engineering, Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, ChinaYantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, ChinaYantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Shandong Key Laboratory of Bulk Open-Field Vegetable Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Huang Huai Protected Horticulture Engineering, Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, ChinaAmid escalating challenges from global climate change and increasing environmental degradation, agricultural systems worldwide face a multitude of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, elevated temperatures, heavy metal pollution, and flooding. These factors critically impair crop productivity and yield. Simultaneously, biotic pressures such as pathogen invasions intensify the vulnerability of agricultural outputs. At the heart of mitigating these challenges, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM fungi) form a crucial symbiotic relationship with most terrestrial plants, significantly enhancing their stress resilience. AM fungi improve nutrient uptake, particularly that of nitrogen and phosphorus, through their extensive mycelial networks. Additionally, they enhance soil structure, increase water use efficiency, and strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms, particularly in environments stressed by drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal contamination, and flooding. Beyond mitigating abiotic stress, AM fungi bolster plant defenses against pathogens and pests by competing for colonization sites and enhancing plant immune responses. They also facilitate plant adaptation to extreme environmental conditions by altering root morphology, modulating gene expression, and promoting the accumulation of osmotic adjustment compounds. This review discusses the role of AM fungi in enhancing plant growth and performance under environmental stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2448arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi)abiotic stressbiotic stressplant resistanceecosystem health |
| spellingShingle | Wenjing Nie Qinghai He Hongen Guo Wenjun Zhang Lan Ma Junlin Li Dan Wen Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses Microorganisms arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) abiotic stress biotic stress plant resistance ecosystem health |
| title | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses |
| title_full | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses |
| title_fullStr | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses |
| title_short | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses |
| title_sort | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi boosting crop resilience to environmental stresses |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) abiotic stress biotic stress plant resistance ecosystem health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2448 |
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