The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms

In this study, we investigate the inhibitory effects of atropine on the progression of experimental myopia by targeting the functions of the choroid and sclera and exploring its potential therapeutic mechanisms. Form deprivation myopia (FDM) was induced in C57BL/6 mice, with treatment groups receivi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Longxiang Huang, Jingjin Zhang, Youfang Luo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1509196/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849344279497932800
author Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Youfang Luo
author_facet Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Youfang Luo
author_sort Longxiang Huang
collection DOAJ
description In this study, we investigate the inhibitory effects of atropine on the progression of experimental myopia by targeting the functions of the choroid and sclera and exploring its potential therapeutic mechanisms. Form deprivation myopia (FDM) was induced in C57BL/6 mice, with treatment groups receiving atropine. We assessed the effects on ocular morphology, extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression, choroidal and scleral thickness, and choroidal vascular index (CVI) through histopathology, immunofluorescence, and quantitative quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In vitro, mouse scleral fibroblasts (MSFs) were treated with Na2S2O4 to induce hypoxia, followed by atropine treatment. Atropine treatment significantly reduced axial elongation and ECM remodeling in FDM mice, as indicated by a decrease in collagen volume fraction. It restored choroidal and scleral thickness and increased CVI, suggesting improved microcirculation. Atropine also modulated ECM protein expression and reduced the hypoxia marker Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α). In vitro, atropine protected MSFs from hypoxia-induced damage, preserved cytoskeletal integrity, and modulated key signaling pathways, including P53 and β-catenin. These findings suggest that atropine holds promise for controlling myopia progression by improving choroidal microcirculation, reducing scleral hypoxia, and regulating ECM remodeling, supporting its therapeutic application in myopia management.
format Article
id doaj-art-ae5c8268260b446099d908c3bee6b1ed
institution Kabale University
issn 1663-9812
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Pharmacology
spelling doaj-art-ae5c8268260b446099d908c3bee6b1ed2025-08-20T03:42:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-03-011610.3389/fphar.2025.15091961509196The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanismsLongxiang Huang0Longxiang Huang1Longxiang Huang2Longxiang Huang3Jingjin Zhang4Jingjin Zhang5Jingjin Zhang6Jingjin Zhang7Youfang Luo8Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Institute of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases and Optometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Institute of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases and Optometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, Fuzhou Second General Hospital, Fuzhou, ChinaIn this study, we investigate the inhibitory effects of atropine on the progression of experimental myopia by targeting the functions of the choroid and sclera and exploring its potential therapeutic mechanisms. Form deprivation myopia (FDM) was induced in C57BL/6 mice, with treatment groups receiving atropine. We assessed the effects on ocular morphology, extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression, choroidal and scleral thickness, and choroidal vascular index (CVI) through histopathology, immunofluorescence, and quantitative quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In vitro, mouse scleral fibroblasts (MSFs) were treated with Na2S2O4 to induce hypoxia, followed by atropine treatment. Atropine treatment significantly reduced axial elongation and ECM remodeling in FDM mice, as indicated by a decrease in collagen volume fraction. It restored choroidal and scleral thickness and increased CVI, suggesting improved microcirculation. Atropine also modulated ECM protein expression and reduced the hypoxia marker Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α). In vitro, atropine protected MSFs from hypoxia-induced damage, preserved cytoskeletal integrity, and modulated key signaling pathways, including P53 and β-catenin. These findings suggest that atropine holds promise for controlling myopia progression by improving choroidal microcirculation, reducing scleral hypoxia, and regulating ECM remodeling, supporting its therapeutic application in myopia management.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1509196/fullatropinemyopiachoroidal microcirculationscleral hypoxiaextracellular matrix remodeling
spellingShingle Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Longxiang Huang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Jingjin Zhang
Youfang Luo
The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
Frontiers in Pharmacology
atropine
myopia
choroidal microcirculation
scleral hypoxia
extracellular matrix remodeling
title The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
title_full The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
title_fullStr The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
title_short The role of atropine in myopia control: insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
title_sort role of atropine in myopia control insights into choroidal and scleral mechanisms
topic atropine
myopia
choroidal microcirculation
scleral hypoxia
extracellular matrix remodeling
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1509196/full
work_keys_str_mv AT longxianghuang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT youfangluo theroleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT longxianghuang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT jingjinzhang roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms
AT youfangluo roleofatropineinmyopiacontrolinsightsintochoroidalandscleralmechanisms