Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength
To investigate the bonding behavior of SiC-free composite ceramics via spark plasma sintering (SPS), this study demonstrated the successful joining of B4C–40 vol% TiB2 ceramics with a Ti foil interlayer within the temperature range of 1000–1400 °C. The bonding mechanisms across temperatures were sys...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tsinghua University Press
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advanced Ceramics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221112 |
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| author | Wei Wang Lei Zhao Ao Han Yaxin Wang Gang Wang Songlin Ran Xing Jin |
| author_facet | Wei Wang Lei Zhao Ao Han Yaxin Wang Gang Wang Songlin Ran Xing Jin |
| author_sort | Wei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To investigate the bonding behavior of SiC-free composite ceramics via spark plasma sintering (SPS), this study demonstrated the successful joining of B4C–40 vol% TiB2 ceramics with a Ti foil interlayer within the temperature range of 1000–1400 °C. The bonding mechanisms across temperatures were systematically elucidated through integrated approaches, including phase composition analysis, microstructural observation, and thermodynamic and diffusion kinetic calculations. The results revealed that the competitive reactions between active Ti and ceramic phases drive sequential compositional evolution at the joint interface. Starting from pure Ti, the interface transitioned to a mixture of TiB2, TiC, TiB, and residual Ti, ultimately forming a stable TiB2–TiC–TiB ceramic assemblage as the temperature increases. Kinetic analysis revealed that between 1000 and 1300 °C, the reaction layer thickness followed a diffusion-controlled growth model and was directly correlated with temperature via Arrhenius-type kinetics. At the highest temperature of 1400 °C, the complete consumption of Ti yielded a full-ceramic joint. Mechanical characterization indicated that these temperature-dependent microstructural changes significantly affected joint performance. The maximum shear strength of 72 MPa was achieved at 1300 °C, accompanied by crack penetration through the ceramic, reaction layer, and residual Ti layer during fracture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae596c079ba141f8949601f702ea28ac |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2226-4108 2227-8508 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Tsinghua University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advanced Ceramics |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae596c079ba141f8949601f702ea28ac2025-08-20T02:58:11ZengTsinghua University PressJournal of Advanced Ceramics2226-41082227-85082025-07-01147922111210.26599/JAC.2025.9221112Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strengthWei Wang0Lei Zhao1Ao Han2Yaxin Wang3Gang Wang4Songlin Ran5Xing Jin6Advanced Ceramics Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, ChinaAdvanced Ceramics Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaAdvanced Ceramics Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaAdvanced Ceramics Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, ChinaAdvanced Ceramics Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, ChinaTo investigate the bonding behavior of SiC-free composite ceramics via spark plasma sintering (SPS), this study demonstrated the successful joining of B4C–40 vol% TiB2 ceramics with a Ti foil interlayer within the temperature range of 1000–1400 °C. The bonding mechanisms across temperatures were systematically elucidated through integrated approaches, including phase composition analysis, microstructural observation, and thermodynamic and diffusion kinetic calculations. The results revealed that the competitive reactions between active Ti and ceramic phases drive sequential compositional evolution at the joint interface. Starting from pure Ti, the interface transitioned to a mixture of TiB2, TiC, TiB, and residual Ti, ultimately forming a stable TiB2–TiC–TiB ceramic assemblage as the temperature increases. Kinetic analysis revealed that between 1000 and 1300 °C, the reaction layer thickness followed a diffusion-controlled growth model and was directly correlated with temperature via Arrhenius-type kinetics. At the highest temperature of 1400 °C, the complete consumption of Ti yielded a full-ceramic joint. Mechanical characterization indicated that these temperature-dependent microstructural changes significantly affected joint performance. The maximum shear strength of 72 MPa was achieved at 1300 °C, accompanied by crack penetration through the ceramic, reaction layer, and residual Ti layer during fracture.https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221112b4c–tib2joiningspark plasma sintering (sps)ti foil |
| spellingShingle | Wei Wang Lei Zhao Ao Han Yaxin Wang Gang Wang Songlin Ran Xing Jin Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength Journal of Advanced Ceramics b4c–tib2 joining spark plasma sintering (sps) ti foil |
| title | Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| title_full | Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| title_fullStr | Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| title_full_unstemmed | Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| title_short | Joining B4C–TiB2 ceramics with Ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering: Temperature-dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| title_sort | joining b4c tib2 ceramics with ti interlayer via spark plasma sintering temperature dependent interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength |
| topic | b4c–tib2 joining spark plasma sintering (sps) ti foil |
| url | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221112 |
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