Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures
Highly translucent zirconia (TZ) is frequently used in dentistry. The properties of several highly translucent zirconia materials available in the market require an in-depth understanding. In this study, we assessed the translucency, crystalline phase, mechanical properties, and microstructures of t...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Hiroto Nakai Masanao Inokoshi Hengyi Liu Motohiro Uo Manabu Kanazawa |
| author_facet | Hiroto Nakai Masanao Inokoshi Hengyi Liu Motohiro Uo Manabu Kanazawa |
| author_sort | Hiroto Nakai |
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| description | Highly translucent zirconia (TZ) is frequently used in dentistry. The properties of several highly translucent zirconia materials available in the market require an in-depth understanding. In this study, we assessed the translucency, crystalline phase, mechanical properties, and microstructures of three newly developed highly translucent zirconia materials (Zpex 4. m, 4 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia: 4YSZ; Zpex Smile.m, 5YSZ; ZR Lucent ULTRA, 6YSZ). The translucency parameter (TP) was analyzed using the CIELAB system. X-ray diffraction was conducted for the crystalline phase analysis, followed by Rietveld refinement. A biaxial flexural strength test using the Weibull analysis was performed to evaluate the mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy, grain size distribution, and average grain size were used to analyze the microstructures. The TP content of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the highest among the samples investigated. The Rietveld analysis revealed that the cubic zirconia phase content of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the highest. The biaxial flexural strength of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the lowest (622.9 MPa). The average grain size and proportion of large grains (1.0 µm < x) were the highest in ZR Lucent ULTRA. Therefore, extra-high translucent zirconia has the potential for use in anterior monolithic restorations owing to its esthetics and strength. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ae3a105a7edb42d3923aab380bacdf212025-01-24T13:36:06ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832025-01-011611310.3390/jfb16010013Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and MicrostructuresHiroto Nakai0Masanao Inokoshi1Hengyi Liu2Motohiro Uo3Manabu Kanazawa4Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8549, JapanDepartment of Oral Devices and Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8549, JapanHospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, ChinaDepartment of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8549, JapanDepartment of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8549, JapanHighly translucent zirconia (TZ) is frequently used in dentistry. The properties of several highly translucent zirconia materials available in the market require an in-depth understanding. In this study, we assessed the translucency, crystalline phase, mechanical properties, and microstructures of three newly developed highly translucent zirconia materials (Zpex 4. m, 4 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia: 4YSZ; Zpex Smile.m, 5YSZ; ZR Lucent ULTRA, 6YSZ). The translucency parameter (TP) was analyzed using the CIELAB system. X-ray diffraction was conducted for the crystalline phase analysis, followed by Rietveld refinement. A biaxial flexural strength test using the Weibull analysis was performed to evaluate the mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy, grain size distribution, and average grain size were used to analyze the microstructures. The TP content of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the highest among the samples investigated. The Rietveld analysis revealed that the cubic zirconia phase content of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the highest. The biaxial flexural strength of the ZR Lucent ULTRA was the lowest (622.9 MPa). The average grain size and proportion of large grains (1.0 µm < x) were the highest in ZR Lucent ULTRA. Therefore, extra-high translucent zirconia has the potential for use in anterior monolithic restorations owing to its esthetics and strength.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/1/13zirconiayttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)X-ray diffraction (XRD)Rietveld refinementbiaxial flexural strengthcrystalline phase |
| spellingShingle | Hiroto Nakai Masanao Inokoshi Hengyi Liu Motohiro Uo Manabu Kanazawa Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures Journal of Functional Biomaterials zirconia yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement biaxial flexural strength crystalline phase |
| title | Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures |
| title_full | Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures |
| title_short | Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures |
| title_sort | evaluation of extra high translucent dental zirconia translucency crystalline phase mechanical properties and microstructures |
| topic | zirconia yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement biaxial flexural strength crystalline phase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/1/13 |
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