RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children

Abstract Background Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are first- and second-line treatments for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabon. AL remains highly efficacious, but its widespread use has led to molecular selection of the NFD haplotype on Pfmdr1 and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo, Lady-Charlène Kouna, Gaël Mourembou, Larson Boundenga, Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou, Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui, Rella Manego-Zoleko, Bertrand Mbatchi, Didier Raoult, Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo, Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2016-08-01
Series:Malaria Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1469-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850063688466169856
author Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo
Lady-Charlène Kouna
Gaël Mourembou
Larson Boundenga
Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou
Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui
Rella Manego-Zoleko
Bertrand Mbatchi
Didier Raoult
Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo
Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki
author_facet Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo
Lady-Charlène Kouna
Gaël Mourembou
Larson Boundenga
Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou
Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui
Rella Manego-Zoleko
Bertrand Mbatchi
Didier Raoult
Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo
Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki
author_sort Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are first- and second-line treatments for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabon. AL remains highly efficacious, but its widespread use has led to molecular selection of the NFD haplotype on Pfmdr1 and K76 in Pfcrt. In this study, plasmodial infection characteristics and the distribution of the Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt genotypes involved in reduced efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) were investigated in four Gabonese localities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the paediatric units of rural (Lastourville and Fougamou), semi-urban (Koula-Moutou) and urban (Franceville) areas. Malaria was diagnosed with the rapid diagnostic test Optimal-IT® and confirmed by blood smear. Pfmdr1 codons 86, 184 and 1246 and Pfcrt codon 76 were genotyped by PCR–RFLP and sequencing. Results Among 1129 included children, the prevalence of plasmodial infection was 79.5 % at Lastourville, 53.6 % at Fougamou, 36.1 % at Koula-Moutou, and 21.2 % at Franceville. The prevalence was significantly higher among children over 60 months of age in both semi-urban (p = 0.01) and urban (p = 0.004) areas. The prevalence of Pfmdr1 wild-type N86 differed significantly between Lastourville (57.8 %) and Koula-Moutou (45.4 %) (p = 0.039). No difference in 184F-carrying parasites was found between Lastourville (73.8 %), Fougamou (81.6 %), Koula-Moutou (83.2 %), and Franceville (80.6 %) (p = 0.240). The prevalence of wild-type D1246 was significantly different between Lastourville (94.1 %), Koula-Moutou (85.6 %) and Franceville (87.3 %) (p = 0.01). The frequency of wild-type K76 was not significantly different across the four sites: Lastourville (16.5 %), Fougamou (27.8 %), Koula-Moutou (17.4 %), and Franceville (29.4 %) (p = 0.09). The mixed genotypes were only found in Lastourville and Franceville. The NFD, YFD and NYD haplotypes were mainly Lastourville (46.6, 25.8, 14.0 %), Fougamou (45.5, 9.1, 42.4 %), Koula-Moutou (35, 6.7, 40.4 %), and Franceville (40.0, 16.0, 32.0 %). Conclusion This study shows an increase in the prevalence of childhood plasmodial infection in Gabon according to the low socio-economic level, and a high frequency of markers associated with AL treatment failure. Close monitoring of ACT use is needed.
format Article
id doaj-art-ae26005eab8a4589b3192159463df659
institution DOAJ
issn 1475-2875
language English
publishDate 2016-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Malaria Journal
spelling doaj-art-ae26005eab8a4589b3192159463df6592025-08-20T02:49:31ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752016-08-011511910.1186/s12936-016-1469-1RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic childrenSydney Maghendji-Nzondo0Lady-Charlène Kouna1Gaël Mourembou2Larson Boundenga3Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou4Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui5Rella Manego-Zoleko6Bertrand Mbatchi7Didier Raoult8Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo9Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki10Unité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Unité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Aix Marseille Université, URMITEUnité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Unité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Centre de recherches Médicales de la NgounieCentre de recherches Médicales de la NgounieDépartement de Biologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de MasukuAix Marseille Université, URMITEUnité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Unité d’Evolution Epidémiologie Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF)Abstract Background Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are first- and second-line treatments for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabon. AL remains highly efficacious, but its widespread use has led to molecular selection of the NFD haplotype on Pfmdr1 and K76 in Pfcrt. In this study, plasmodial infection characteristics and the distribution of the Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt genotypes involved in reduced efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) were investigated in four Gabonese localities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the paediatric units of rural (Lastourville and Fougamou), semi-urban (Koula-Moutou) and urban (Franceville) areas. Malaria was diagnosed with the rapid diagnostic test Optimal-IT® and confirmed by blood smear. Pfmdr1 codons 86, 184 and 1246 and Pfcrt codon 76 were genotyped by PCR–RFLP and sequencing. Results Among 1129 included children, the prevalence of plasmodial infection was 79.5 % at Lastourville, 53.6 % at Fougamou, 36.1 % at Koula-Moutou, and 21.2 % at Franceville. The prevalence was significantly higher among children over 60 months of age in both semi-urban (p = 0.01) and urban (p = 0.004) areas. The prevalence of Pfmdr1 wild-type N86 differed significantly between Lastourville (57.8 %) and Koula-Moutou (45.4 %) (p = 0.039). No difference in 184F-carrying parasites was found between Lastourville (73.8 %), Fougamou (81.6 %), Koula-Moutou (83.2 %), and Franceville (80.6 %) (p = 0.240). The prevalence of wild-type D1246 was significantly different between Lastourville (94.1 %), Koula-Moutou (85.6 %) and Franceville (87.3 %) (p = 0.01). The frequency of wild-type K76 was not significantly different across the four sites: Lastourville (16.5 %), Fougamou (27.8 %), Koula-Moutou (17.4 %), and Franceville (29.4 %) (p = 0.09). The mixed genotypes were only found in Lastourville and Franceville. The NFD, YFD and NYD haplotypes were mainly Lastourville (46.6, 25.8, 14.0 %), Fougamou (45.5, 9.1, 42.4 %), Koula-Moutou (35, 6.7, 40.4 %), and Franceville (40.0, 16.0, 32.0 %). Conclusion This study shows an increase in the prevalence of childhood plasmodial infection in Gabon according to the low socio-economic level, and a high frequency of markers associated with AL treatment failure. Close monitoring of ACT use is needed.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1469-1Pfmdr1PfcrtHaplotypeACTResistanceSNPs
spellingShingle Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo
Lady-Charlène Kouna
Gaël Mourembou
Larson Boundenga
Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou
Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui
Rella Manego-Zoleko
Bertrand Mbatchi
Didier Raoult
Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo
Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
Malaria Journal
Pfmdr1
Pfcrt
Haplotype
ACT
Resistance
SNPs
title RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
title_full RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
title_fullStr RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
title_full_unstemmed RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
title_short RETRACTED ARTICLE: Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
title_sort retracted article malaria in urban semi urban and rural areas of southern of gabon comparison of the pfmdr 1 and pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children
topic Pfmdr1
Pfcrt
Haplotype
ACT
Resistance
SNPs
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1469-1
work_keys_str_mv AT sydneymaghendjinzondo retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT ladycharlenekouna retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT gaelmourembou retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT larsonboundenga retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT romeokarlimboumylimoukou retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT pierreblaisematsiegui retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT rellamanegozoleko retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT bertrandmbatchi retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT didierraoult retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT fousseynitourendouo retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren
AT jeanbernardlekanadouki retractedarticlemalariainurbansemiurbanandruralareasofsouthernofgaboncomparisonofthepfmdr1andpfcrtgenotypesfromsymptomaticchildren