The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract Background Although there have been significant advancements in providing HIV-infected children with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the mortality rates have remained unacceptably high. Inadequate nutrient intake or absorption is a widespread problem in several African nations, resu...
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Springer
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-024-00321-6 |
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| author | Sisay Moges Bereket Aberham Lajore Abera Feyisa Oleba Abraham Samuel Godebo Mengistu Lodebo Funga |
| author_facet | Sisay Moges Bereket Aberham Lajore Abera Feyisa Oleba Abraham Samuel Godebo Mengistu Lodebo Funga |
| author_sort | Sisay Moges |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Although there have been significant advancements in providing HIV-infected children with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the mortality rates have remained unacceptably high. Inadequate nutrient intake or absorption is a widespread problem in several African nations, resulting in undernutrition and anemia. However, the pooled effect of malnutrition and anemia on HIV-related death related to children receiving ART was not investigated in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We searched multiple electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for observational studies published between January 1, 2010, and April 24, 2024 that reported the risk factors or effects of undernutrition and, anemia on HIV-related mortality among children. Study selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation were carried out separately by two reviewers. A meta-analysis was conducted using random effect models. Results The review included 27 studies with a combined total of 61,796 study participants. The study findings showed that severe wasting (HR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.87–3.30), being underweight (HR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.64–2.72), and Anemia (HR: 2.58; 95% CI: 2.08–3.19) were highly linked to HIV-related death among children. The risk of death due to anemia was greater among children under the age of 5 years than older children. Conclusion Undernutrition and anemia in sub-Saharan African children increased the risk of HIV-related death. The impact of malnutrition and anemia among under 5 years old children with HIV/AIDS was more pronounced, suggesting that these conditions at this early age can have more serious consequences for a child’s survival. The importance of combining nutrition with HIV treatment programs in sub-Saharan African countries is crucial. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae04dd0c700f44deb46a4dd6cf7bbd58 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2210-6014 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae04dd0c700f44deb46a4dd6cf7bbd582025-08-20T01:59:42ZengSpringerJournal of Epidemiology and Global Health2210-60142024-11-011441453146310.1007/s44197-024-00321-6The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisSisay Moges0Bereket Aberham Lajore1Abera Feyisa Oleba2Abraham Samuel Godebo3Mengistu Lodebo Funga4Department of Family Health, Hossana College of ScienceDepartment of Family Health, Hossana College of ScienceDepartment of Clinical Nursing, Hossana College of ScienceDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care, Hossana College of ScienceDepartment of Midwifery, Hossana College of ScienceAbstract Background Although there have been significant advancements in providing HIV-infected children with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the mortality rates have remained unacceptably high. Inadequate nutrient intake or absorption is a widespread problem in several African nations, resulting in undernutrition and anemia. However, the pooled effect of malnutrition and anemia on HIV-related death related to children receiving ART was not investigated in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We searched multiple electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for observational studies published between January 1, 2010, and April 24, 2024 that reported the risk factors or effects of undernutrition and, anemia on HIV-related mortality among children. Study selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation were carried out separately by two reviewers. A meta-analysis was conducted using random effect models. Results The review included 27 studies with a combined total of 61,796 study participants. The study findings showed that severe wasting (HR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.87–3.30), being underweight (HR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.64–2.72), and Anemia (HR: 2.58; 95% CI: 2.08–3.19) were highly linked to HIV-related death among children. The risk of death due to anemia was greater among children under the age of 5 years than older children. Conclusion Undernutrition and anemia in sub-Saharan African children increased the risk of HIV-related death. The impact of malnutrition and anemia among under 5 years old children with HIV/AIDS was more pronounced, suggesting that these conditions at this early age can have more serious consequences for a child’s survival. The importance of combining nutrition with HIV treatment programs in sub-Saharan African countries is crucial.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-024-00321-6Effect of undernutritionEffect of anemiaRisk factor for HIV mortalityChildrenSub-saharan Africa |
| spellingShingle | Sisay Moges Bereket Aberham Lajore Abera Feyisa Oleba Abraham Samuel Godebo Mengistu Lodebo Funga The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health Effect of undernutrition Effect of anemia Risk factor for HIV mortality Children Sub-saharan Africa |
| title | The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | The Impact of Undernutrition and Anemia on HIV-Related Mortality Among Children on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | impact of undernutrition and anemia on hiv related mortality among children on art in sub saharan africa a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Effect of undernutrition Effect of anemia Risk factor for HIV mortality Children Sub-saharan Africa |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-024-00321-6 |
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