Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion

The Czochralski method is the primary technique for single-crystal silicon production. However, anomalous states such as crystal loss, twisting, swinging, and squareness frequently occur during crystal growth, adversely affecting product quality and production efficiency. To address this challenge,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lei Jiang, Haotan Wei, Ding Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6819
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850193375401082880
author Lei Jiang
Haotan Wei
Ding Liu
author_facet Lei Jiang
Haotan Wei
Ding Liu
author_sort Lei Jiang
collection DOAJ
description The Czochralski method is the primary technique for single-crystal silicon production. However, anomalous states such as crystal loss, twisting, swinging, and squareness frequently occur during crystal growth, adversely affecting product quality and production efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose an enhanced multimodal fusion classification model for detecting and categorizing these four anomalous states. Our model initially transforms one-dimensional signals (diameter, temperature, and pulling speed) into time–frequency domain images via continuous wavelet transform. These images are then processed using a Dense-ECA-SwinTransformer network for feature extraction. Concurrently, meniscus images and inter-frame difference images are obtained from the growth system’s meniscus video feed. These visual inputs are fused at the channel level and subsequently processed through a ConvNeXt network for feature extraction. Finally, the time–frequency domain features are combined with the meniscus image features and fed into fully connected layers for multi-class classification. The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect various abnormal states, help the staff to make a more accurate judgment, and formulate a personalized treatment plan for the abnormal state, which can improve the production efficiency, save production resources, and protect the extraction equipment.
format Article
id doaj-art-adfdcfdde8f145fb8f7f83371e880db6
institution OA Journals
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-adfdcfdde8f145fb8f7f83371e880db62025-08-20T02:14:16ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-10-012421681910.3390/s24216819Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal FusionLei Jiang0Haotan Wei1Ding Liu2School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, ChinaSchool of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, ChinaSchool of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, ChinaThe Czochralski method is the primary technique for single-crystal silicon production. However, anomalous states such as crystal loss, twisting, swinging, and squareness frequently occur during crystal growth, adversely affecting product quality and production efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose an enhanced multimodal fusion classification model for detecting and categorizing these four anomalous states. Our model initially transforms one-dimensional signals (diameter, temperature, and pulling speed) into time–frequency domain images via continuous wavelet transform. These images are then processed using a Dense-ECA-SwinTransformer network for feature extraction. Concurrently, meniscus images and inter-frame difference images are obtained from the growth system’s meniscus video feed. These visual inputs are fused at the channel level and subsequently processed through a ConvNeXt network for feature extraction. Finally, the time–frequency domain features are combined with the meniscus image features and fed into fully connected layers for multi-class classification. The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect various abnormal states, help the staff to make a more accurate judgment, and formulate a personalized treatment plan for the abnormal state, which can improve the production efficiency, save production resources, and protect the extraction equipment.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6819Czochralski silicon single crystalmultimodal fusionwavelet transformdeep learning
spellingShingle Lei Jiang
Haotan Wei
Ding Liu
Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
Sensors
Czochralski silicon single crystal
multimodal fusion
wavelet transform
deep learning
title Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
title_full Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
title_fullStr Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
title_full_unstemmed Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
title_short Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion
title_sort research on abnormal state detection of cz silicon single crystal based on multimodal fusion
topic Czochralski silicon single crystal
multimodal fusion
wavelet transform
deep learning
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6819
work_keys_str_mv AT leijiang researchonabnormalstatedetectionofczsiliconsinglecrystalbasedonmultimodalfusion
AT haotanwei researchonabnormalstatedetectionofczsiliconsinglecrystalbasedonmultimodalfusion
AT dingliu researchonabnormalstatedetectionofczsiliconsinglecrystalbasedonmultimodalfusion